EducationHealth & FitnessMedicine

Dr. John Campbell

Campbellteaching

Hello Everyone, My name is John Campbell and I am a retired Nurse Teacher and former clinical nurse based in England. I also do some teaching in Asia and Africa when time permits. These videos are to help students to learn the background to all forms of health care. My PhD focused on the development of open learning resources for nurses nationally and internationally. LinkedIn profile, https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-john-campbell-5256223b/ Twitter, https://twitter.com/Johnincarlisle Disclaimer; These media including videos, book, e book, articles, podcasts are not peer-reviewed. They should never replace individual clinical judgement from your own health care provider. No media-based material on this channel is suitable for using as professional medical advice. All comments are also for educational purposed only and must never replace advice from your own health care provider

Play

Open in

772 episodes
daily
Avg 24 min
English

Episodes 772

Newest Oldest Longest

All12 Unplayed12 In progress0 Played0

Counted on this page — what you have heard stays on this device, so it is not something the list can be paged by.

October 5 · 28 min
Heart deaths
Write to YOUR MP, https://www.writetothem.com/?a=westminstermp https://twitter.com/ABridgen/status/1737475231386653113 Free download John’s textbooks in high res pdf. https://drjohncampbell.co.uk Check out Campbell's Physiology Notes Dr John Campbell Sold by author on eBay! https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/155780745424?mkcid=16&mkevt=1&mkrid=711-127632-2357-0&ssspo=K6raxMZrQnm&sssrc=4429486&ssuid=K6raxMZrQnm&var=&widget_ver=artemis&media=EMAIL ‘a threatening phone call’ https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/11/08/how-astrazeneca-vaccine-was-shelved/ 8th November 2023 In March 2021, The Telegraph was one of the first newspapers to imply a causal link between the jab and blood clots after Norwegian scientists suggested a possible mechanism. On the day we published the story we received a threatening phone call from a senior official at the MHRA warning that The Telegraph would be banned from future briefings and press notices if we did not soften the news. https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/medicines-and-healthcare-products-regulatory-agency From FDA to MHRA: are drug regulators for hire? https://www.bmj.com/content/377/bmj.o1538 June 2022 Industry money saturates the globe’s leading regulators. The BMJ found that the majority of regulators’ budget—particularly the portion focused on drugs—is derived from industry fees Another well-known Cambridge academic got in touch to complain about our “disgraceful fear-mongering headline” on the story, claiming that it would discourage vaccine uptake and cost lives. We politely pointed out that hiding the facts from people was not helpful and could also cost lives. The academic did not respond. In February this year, TikTok removed an audio clip in which I discussed whether the benefit of vaccination was worth the risks for young people, claiming it had breached community guidelines. After we showed that the Government’s own website acknowledges the link, the clip was reinstated. All of this shows a troubling paternalism in government, academia and some media outlets who believe that the public is not capable of weighing up the pros and cons of medical interventions and so must be shielded from the truth. Excess mortality in England post Covid-19 pandemic: implications for secondary prevention https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776223002211?via%3Dihub Many countries, including the UK, have continued to experience an apparent excess of deaths long after the peaks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021. Numbers of excess deaths estimated in this period are considerable. The UK Office for National Statistics (ONS) has calculated that there were 7.2% or 44,255 more deaths registered in the UK in 2022 OECD, UK https://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=104676 Excess deaths in 2022, 52,514 (9.26%) This persisted into 2023 with 8.6% or 28,024 more deaths registered in the first six months of the year than expected. OECD, UK, weeks 1 – 44, 2023 Excess deaths, 49,389 (9.44%) The causes of these excess deaths are likely to be multiple and could include the direct effects of Covid-19 infection, acute pressures on NHS acute services resulting in poorer outcomes from episodes of acute illness, and disruption to chronic disease detection and management. Further analysis by cause and by age- and sex-group may help quantify the relative contributions of these causes. Office for Health Improvement and Disparities 3rd June 2022 to 30th June 2023 Excess deaths for all causes were relatively greatest for 50–64 year olds (15% higher than expected) 11% higher for 25–49 and under 25 year olds, and about 9% higher for over 65s Several causes 3rd June 2022–30th June 2023 All cardiovascular diseases, 12% Heart failure, 20% Ischaemic heart disease, 15 Liver diseases, 19% Acute respiratory infections, 14% Diabetes, 13% For Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
October 5 · 13 min
Hunger for quality science and medicine
Professor Angus Dalgleish, (Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, Fellow of the Royal College of Pathologists, Fellow of Medical Science.) Professor Dalgleish is a highly experienced doctor, physician, medical teacher, medical author and researcher with over 500 primary research publications. He was also a pioneering researcher into HIV/AIDS. Here we discuss the recently observed changes in cancer presentations and deaths. Some of the discussion considers this research paper noting excess cancer deaths in Japan. Increased Age-Adjusted Cancer Mortality After the Third mRNA-Lipid Nanoparticle Vaccine Dose During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan https://www.cureus.com/articles/196275-increased-age-adjusted-cancer-mortality-after-the-third-mrna-lipid-nanoparticle-vaccine-dose-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-in-japan#!/ Gibo M, Kojima S, Fujisawa A, et al. (April 08, 2024) Increased Age-Adjusted Cancer Mortality After the Third mRNA-Lipid Nanoparticle Vaccine Dose During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan. Cureus 16(4): e57860. DOI 10.7759/cureus.57860 Conclusions Statistically significant increases in age-adjusted mortality rates of all cancer and some specific types of cancer, namely, ovarian cancer, leukemia, prostate, lip/oral/pharyngeal, pancreatic, and breast cancers, were observed in 2022 after two-thirds of the Japanese population had received the third or later dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-LNP vaccine. These particularly marked increases in mortality rates of these ERα-sensitive cancers may be attributable to several mechanisms of the mRNA-LNP vaccination, rather than COVID-19 infection itself or reduced cancer care due to the lockdown. Researchers have reported that the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-LNP vaccine may pose the risk of development and progression of cancer. Several case reports have described cancer developing or worsening after vaccination and discussed possible causal links between cancer and mRNA-LNP vaccination. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
October 5 · 28 min
Simple, cheap, non toxic and ignored
Professor of Oncology, Angus Dalgleish gives vital information on a repurposed drug he uses for his cancer patients, given at a very low dose. This is Low Dose Naltrexone. Check out the LDN trust website for much more, https://ldnresearchtrust.org Naltrexone at low doses (LDN) and its relevance to cancer therapy https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/114135/ Naltrexone was designed to inhibit opioid receptors without activating them and hence used to block the stimulatory effects of morphine and heroin. It was noted that in certain patients being treated with naltrexone for an opioid addiction many reported significant secondary benefit when being weaned off naltrexone. This group of patients had chronic inflammatory and autoimmune conditions and reported improvements whilst using the lower dosages of naltrexone. There have also been recent anecdotal reports of cancer resolution following the use of low doses of naltrexone (LDN). However, the mechanism of action is unclear. Areas covered We review three mechanisms through which LDN can influence cancer progression; namely, (a) antagonism of receptors to which LDN binds, which include toll-like receptors 7–9 that lead to IL-6 suppression b) modulation of immune function in patients; and c) direct inhibition of signaling pathways involved in cancer cell control, including the priming of pro-apoptotic pathways. Expert opinion Considering the increase in the number of anecdotal reports of activity, there will likely be a bigger drive toward using LDN in the oncological setting. These reports support clinical trials of LDN in cancer, especially when given in combination with certain chemotherapy. https://ldnresearchtrust.org/angus-dalgleish-md-role-ldn-management-cancer-2018-conference-ldn-low-dose-naltrexone Major clinical evidence on the use of low-dose naltrexone in the treatment of cancer: a systematic review https://www.researchgate.net/publication/384236060_Major_clinical_evidence_on_the_use_of_low-dose_naltrexone_in_the_treatment_of_cancer_a_systematic_review https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14737140.2022.2037426#abstractors :00 🍏 Discussion on Simple, Non-Toxic Health Solutions - The conversation begins with highlighting the neglect of simple, cheap, and non-toxic health solutions like iodine and vitamin D. - Emphasis is placed on differences in health outcomes between countries that consume iodine-rich foods, like seaweed, and those that do not, such as the US and UK, where breast cancer rates are higher. 05:00 💊 Frustration with Pharmacy Practices and Medication Access - The speakers express frustration over pharmacists' lack of knowledge regarding iodine and other non-toxic medications. - Experiences in pharmacies reveal a broader issue of doctors and patients being denied access to potentially beneficial treatments. 10:00 📉 Barriers in Medical Practice and Prescribing Authority - Discussion on the limitations imposed on medical professionals, preventing them from applying their knowledge to help patients fully. - Anecdotes highlight instances where doctors are unable to prescribe effective treatments, leading to a bureaucratic environment stifling innovation. 14:00 🌍 The Impact of Current Medical Education on Practice - A critique of contemporary medical education emphasizes its focus on guidelines over creative medical thinking. - Medical students are discouraged from expanding their understanding, which harms their ability to think critically and adapt medicine to patient needs. 18:00 🔄 Historical Insight into Treatment Innovations - The speaker reflects on the freedom and creativity that past medical practices allowed compared to current restrictions on innovative treatments. - An inspiring case of repurposing chemotherapy to address a severe arthritis condition showcases the potential benefits of adaptive medical practices. 20:00 💡 Low Dose Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
September 24 · 24 min
Prolonged term sickness increases
Excess deaths AND long-term sickness dramatically increased in the UK New Hope Children's Centre This is a great organisation I have been involved with for 12 years now. I fully attest to the veracity and dedication of all the staff I have met. The founder is Anne Chege, who my brother and I know well. Anne worked with Barclays Bank for 28 years, looking after orphans and abandoned children within her own home. On retirement she opened this centre and has dedicated her life to the work. To contribute to this work, https://www.buymeacoffee.com/newhopechi3 Zoe data https://console.cloud.google.com/storage/browser/covid-public-data Prevalence One in 29 One in 40 (2.43%) Since the end of June 2022, mostly Omicron variant BA.5 Antibodies, 95.8% of adults in England ONS (11th November) https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/articles/coronaviruscovid19/latestinsights https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/articles/coronaviruscovid19latestinsights/deaths Long COVID not main factor in long-term sickness increase 10 November 2022 Since the pandemic in the UK, Number of people out of work because of long-term sickness has risen by around 363,000 The number of people on long-term sick other health problems or disabilities, between April and June 2022, was 97,000 higher than the same period in 2019. A 41% increase UK covid deaths, week ending 28 October 2022 717 deaths involving coronavirus (COVID-19) registered in the UK Previous week, 737 Excess deaths in the UK, ending 28 October 2022 Deaths registered in the UK, 12,861 12.5% above the five-year average (1,430 excess deaths). Deaths involving COVID-19 accounted for 5.6% of all UK deaths UK official data https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
September 24 · 16 min
UK confusing vaccination guidelines
Green book, JCVI advises that breastfeeding women should be offered any suitable COVID-19 vaccine. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1098808/Greenbook-chapter-14A-17August2022.pdf (Updated, 17th August, 2022) Summary of the Public Assessment Report. For covid-19 vaccine, Pfizer/BioNTec https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/summary-public-assessment-report-for-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine Women who are breastfeeding should also not be vaccinated. (Updated, 16th August, 2022) Summary of the Public Assessment Report Authorisation for Temporary Supply, COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine BNT162b2 (BNT162b2 RNA) concentrate for solution for injection Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC), Pfizer Limited & BioNTech Manufacturing, GmbH https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/summary-public-assessment-report-for-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine Updated, 16th August, 2022 Reproductive and developmental toxicity Fertility and early embryonic development and embryofoetal development A combined fertility and developmental study (including teratogenicity and postnatal investigations) in rats is ongoing. Prenatal and postnatal development, including maternal function No such studies have been done. Studies in which the offspring (juvenile animals) are dosed and/or further evaluated No such studies have been done. Local tolerance No such studies have been done. The assessments made as part of the general toxicity study should suffice and a separate study is not needed. Other toxicity studies No such studies have been done. Toxicity conclusions The absence of reproductive toxicity data is a reflection of the speed of development to first identify and select COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine BNT162b2 for clinical testing and its rapid development to meet the ongoing urgent health need. In principle, a decision on licensing a vaccine could be taken in these circumstances without data from reproductive toxicity studies animals, but there are studies ongoing and these will be provided when available. In the context of supply under Regulation 174, it is considered that sufficient reassurance of safe use of the vaccine in pregnant women cannot be provided at the present time: however, use in women of childbearing potential could be supported, provided healthcare professionals are advised to rule out known or suspected pregnancy prior to vaccination. Women who are breastfeeding should also not be vaccinated. Green book, updated 17th August 2022 Specific population groups https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1098808/Greenbook-chapter-14A-17August2022.pdf Pregnancy There is no known risk associated with giving inactivated, recombinant viral or bacterial vaccines or toxoids during pregnancy or whilst breastfeeding (Kroger et al, 2013). Developmental and reproductivity testing of the Pfizer BioNTech, Moderna and AstraZeneca vaccines in animals have not raised any concerns. JCVI has therefore advised that women who are pregnant should be recommended to receive primary immunisation, and that pregnancy is considered a clinical risk group for the autumn booster programme. Routine questioning about last menstrual period and/or pregnancy testing is not required before offering the vaccine. Surveillance of the inadvertent administration of COVID-19 vaccines in early pregnancy is being conducted for the UK by the UK Health Security Agency Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, to whom such cases should be reported.1 This surveillance is being undertaken to document safety in women who unknowingly receive a vaccine in early pregnancy Breastfeeding There is Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
September 24 · 24 min
New syndrome
Post-Vaccination Syndrome: A Descriptive Analysis of Reported Symptoms and Patient Experiences After Covid-19 Immunization https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.11.09.23298266v1.full.pdf Yale Listen to Immune, Symptom and Treatment Experiences Now (LISTEN) Study (online) https://medicine.yale.edu/ycci/listen-study/ LISTEN study, approved by Yale University Institutional Review Board Introduction A chronic post-vaccination syndrome (PVS) after covid-19 vaccination has been reported but has yet to be well characterized. A chronic syndrome with symptoms that begin soon after vaccination Methods People who joined, May 2022 to July 2023 N = 241 individuals, (211 from the US) aged 18 and older, who self-reported PVS after covid-19 vaccination, Deep immune profiling is used for some individuals Results Median age of participants, 46 years Among participants with PVS 127 (55%) had received BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech] 86 (37%) received the mRNA-1273 [Moderna] Time from index vaccination to symptom onset Median time, 3 days (IQR: 1 day to 8 days). Time from vaccination to symptom survey completion 595 days (IQR: 417 to 661 days) Median Euro-QoL visual analogue scale score was 50 (IQR: 39 to 70). The five most common symptoms Exercise intolerance (71%) Excessive fatigue (69%) Numbness (63%) Brain fog (63%) Neuropathy (63%) In the week before survey completion (Experienced at least once in the week) Feeling unease (93%) Fearfulness (82%) Overwhelmed by worries (81%) Feelings of helplessness (80%) Anxiety (76%) Depression (76%) Hopelessness (72%) Worthlessness (49%) Concerns related to living situations and food security were also prominent. Symptom Severity When asked to quantify symptom severity on their worst days, (0 representing a trivial illness and 100 unbearable condition) Participants reported a median severity of 80 Interventions to treat their condition Participants reported a median of 20 (IQR: 13 to 30). Oral steroids, 116 (48% participants) Gabapentin, 61 (25%) Low-dose naltrexone, 48 (20%) I, 44 (18%) Propranolol, 27 (11%) Bronchodilators, 26 (11%) More than 500 additional treatments were reported by participants Limiting exercise or exertion Quitting alcohol or caffeine Hydration and increasing salt intake Intermittent fasting Conclusions In this study, individuals who reported PVS after covid-19 vaccination had low health status, high symptom burden, and high psychosocial stress, despite trying many treatments. There is a need for continued investigation to understand and treat this condition. Looks like you can join, Kindred study Kindred is a community of patients, working with researchers to power more useful, impactful progress. https://www.kindred.hugo.health/research/listen-study https://kindredapp.hugo.health/auth/login?ref=%2F Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
September 24 · 31 min
Doctor's spike detox
Doctor detoxifies herself from spike protein. Great academic discussion with Dr. Tina Peers. Never start or stop any medical treatment based on these videos, always go to your own health care provider. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
September 24 · 27 min
UK, 50% omicron present
UK, majority of London cases omicron by tomorrow, Link to free download of my 2 textbooks http://159.69.48.3/ Campbell's Pathophysiology Notes, Amazon orders for the UK, https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B012HWC8SU/ref=cm_sw_em_r_mt_dp_AYC5Q7G3H2B3T4BCHQY0 Campbell's Physiology Notes https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/0955379725/ref=cm_sw_em_r_mt_dp_K0MXMAP26Y77TY4J90FB https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L9zDnYEgX-U London https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L9zDnYEgX-U Omicron, 40% of cases Tomorrow, 50% + of cases Boris Johnson At least one UK Omicron death I think the idea that this is somehow a milder version of the virus, I think that’s something we need to set on one side and just recognise the sheer pace at which it accelerates through the population. So the best thing we can do is all get our boosters. Mr Javid https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-59632655 Hospitalisations due to large numbers https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VwyeCeTfiN8 https://www.lbc.co.uk/radio/presenters/tom-swarbrick/south-africa-top-doc-angelique-coetzee-stresses-omicron-mild/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7T0Qiyy854w&t=33s https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-59450988 https://metro.co.uk/2021/12/13/south-african-doctor-who-found-omicron-variant-insists-its-mild-15761122/ South Africa https://www.nicd.ac.za/diseases-a-z-index/disease-index-covid-19/surveillance-reports/daily-hospital-surveillance-datcov-report/ https://www.nicd.ac.za/diseases-a-z-index/disease-index-covid-19/surveillance-reports/covid-19-special-reports/the-initial-and-daily-covid-19-effective-reproductive-number-in-south-africa/ Cyril Ramaphosa, 69, tested positive, Sunday Mild symptoms Louise I am in the Western Cape province in SA where we have just entered our fourth wave, behind other provinces like Gauteng, which seems to have just peaked. Even though our area hasn’t been hit badly by Omicron infections yet, cases are rising quite quickly. Compared to Delta, where you could feel people were very anxious about contracting that variant and almost everyone knew someone in hospital and most knew someone who had died, the mood is definitely different. We are just not hearing about mass hospitalisations like in the third wave and those that are testing positive are mainly feeling flu like symptoms for a few days and then recovering. We are really hopeful that Omicron is definitely much milder. US Cases https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#trends_dailydeaths Hospitalizations https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#hospitalizations Pakistan NIH able to confirm … that a recently suspected sample from Karachi is indeed the Omicron variant France Current 5th wave is delta Martin Hirsch, Paris’s AP-HP hospitals group Omicron variant, next month India Very low rates of infection Essential no social distancing Big political rallies Omicron variant, 36 cases 3% of the virus sequences Thailand 3 months to booster after 2nd dose Indonesia Start vaccinations for 6- to 11-year-olds Western Australia Fully reopen borders on 5 February Expected to hit 90% fully vaccinated target Norway https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2021/dec/13/covid-news-live-boris-johnson-warns-of-omicron-tidal-wave-south-african-president-tests-positive Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Stoere The situation is serious. The spread of infection is too high and we have to take action to limit this development Denmark https://files.ssi.dk/covid19/omikron/statusrapport/rapport-omikronvarianten-12122021-k29d 22nd November to 12 December A total of 2,471 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) SARS-CoV-2 cases in Denmark. Omicron cases are identified through variant PCR and whole-genome sequencing Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
September 24 · 26 min
Rapid viral evolution
BA.5, immune escape Vaccines and previous infections are protective against severe disease Percentages of positives that were infected more than 90 days ago Progressively increasing Now, 12 % reinfections 3 months ago, 8% reinfections 6 months ago, 5% reinfections https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TwQp3Yc82ak R = 1.1 Up 27% on the week UK, 1 in 21 Scotland 1 in 15, highest ever rates Young people and young adults highest Will go up for a time, summer mixing, festivals Consistent with ONS data https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/articles/coronaviruscovid19/latestinsights One week ahead Hospital admissions up 37% List of covid symptoms Runny nose, 66% Sore throat, 65% Headache, 64% Persistent cough, 63% Fatigue, 62% Sneezing, 53% Hoarse, 44% Joint pains, 35% Fever, 31% Chills or shivers, 30% Muscle pains 29% Dizzy, 27% Brain fog, 24% Sore eyes, 22% Altered smell, 21% Lower back pain, 22% Swollen glands, 19% Skipped meals, 17% Chest pain, 15% BA.5 is milder than previous variants Still time off work Hospital admissions due to large numbers Official data UK https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk Coronavirus vaccines should be updated for fall https://www.fda.gov/advisory-committees/advisory-committee-calendar/vaccines-and-related-biological-products-advisory-committee-june-14-15-2022-meeting-announcement FDA advisory committee Deadline, vaccine formula for October, now BA.1 vaccine, in human tests for months Arnold Monto, FDA advisory committee We’re being asked, more or less, to have a crystal ball today New multi-strain vaccine, original and omicron Some wanted BA.4 and BA.5, others BA.1 Moderna, Novavax, Pfizer, each presented data to support their strategy Moderna, bivalent, for example, original version + BA.1 variant Pfizer BioNTech, only BA.1 Pfizer presented mouse data on BA.4 and BA.5 Novavax’s vaccine (not yet authorized in United States), additional doses of its existing vaccine could be protective ? will these new formulations apply to children without testing ? local or global Lyme disease Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
September 24 · 28 min
Long covid in children data
Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic UK school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(21)00198-X/fulltext PDF https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2352-4642%2821%2900198-X https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-58071898 Background Infection is usually asymptomatic or causes a mild illness of short duration Persistent illness has been reported To determine illness duration and characteristics in symptomatic UK school-aged children COVID Symptom Study Methods Prospective cohort study Aged children 5–17 years Reported by an adult proxy Illness duration and symptom prevalence, for children testing positive Data from symptomatic children testing negative for SARS-CoV-2, matched 1:1 for age, gender, and week of testing, were also assessed Findings, Children aged 5–17 March 24, 2020 to Feb 22, 2021 N = 258,790 Valid test result, n = 75,529 had valid test results for SARS-CoV-2. Positive test result, n = 1,734 children (588 younger and 1,146 older children) And had a calculable illness duration The most common symptoms Headache 1,079 (62·2%) of 1734 children Fatigue 954 (55·0%) of 1734 children) Median illness duration Children testing positive, 6 days Children testing negative, 3 days Illness duration associated with age (Spearman's rank-order rs 0·19, p less than 0·0001) Median illness duration was longer for older children Older children, 12 to 17 years, 7 days Younger children, 5 to 11 years, 5 days Illness duration of at least 28 days 77 (4·4%) of 1,734 children 59 (5·1%) of 1,146 older children 18 (3·1%) of 588 younger children (p=0·046) After day 28, median 2 symptoms First week of illness, median 6 symptoms Commonest symptoms, first 4 weeks of illness Fatigue 65 (84·4%) of 77 Headache 60 (77·9%) of 77 Anosmia 60 (77·9%) of 77 Symptoms for at least 56 25 (1·8%) of 1379 children Interpretation COVID-19 in children is usually of short duration with low symptom burden Some children with COVID-19 experience prolonged illness duration Symptom burden did not increase with time Most recovered by day 56 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
September 24 · 26 min
Lockdown cause of childhood hepatitis
Serious hepatitis outbreak in children, immunity was NOT generated as normal in locked down children and now the specific viral cause has just been discovered https://www.hpsc.ie/a-z/hepatitis/acutehepatitisofunknownaetiology/casedefinition/ Since 20th March Children under 16 35 countries UK, 12 liver transplants, Ireland 2 Immunosuppressant drugs for life No single virus had been identified in all cases https://www.hpsc.ie/news/acute-hepatitis-of-unknown-cause-in-children.html Hepatitis viruses A, B, C, E not detected in cases No link to current covid infection status Most / many cases were not covid vaccinated Symptoms of hepatitis Any one of the classic 3 Pale, grey-coloured stools Dark urine Jaundice Other symptoms include muscle and joint pain fever feeling and being sick feeling unusually tired all the time a general sense of feeling unwell loss of appetite tummy pain itchy skin A post lockdown phenomena? Two common viruses, spreading again after pandemic lockdowns infants exposed later than normal https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.07.19.22277425v1 Detailed investigation, 9 early cases and 58 control subjects Median 3.9 years, 4 boys, 5 girls Preceding subacute history Abdominal pain, diarrhoea and vomiting, between 1 to 11 weeks prior to acute hepatitis Using sequencing and real-time PCR Adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2), detected in the plasma of 9/9 and liver of 4/4 patients (normally causes no illness, requires a coinfecting "helper" virus) Age-matched healthy controls Adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2), detected in the plasma of 0/13 Children with adenovirus (HAdV) infection and normal liver function Adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2), detected in the plasma of 0/12 Children admitted to hospital with hepatitis of other aetiology Adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2), detected in the plasma of 0/33 AAV2 typically requires a coinfecting ‘helper’ virus to replicate Usually adenovirus (HAdV) or a herpesvirus Adenovirus (HAdV) Detected in 6/9 cases Human herpesvirus 6B (HHV6B) Detected in 3/9 cases Conclusion Acute non-A-E paediatric hepatitis is associated with the presence of Adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) infection, which could represent a primary pathogen or a useful biomarker of recent Adenovirus (HAdV) or Herpesvirus (HHV6B) infection. Prof Judith Breuer, University College London and Great Ormond Street Hospital During the lockdown period when children were not mixing, they were not transmitting viruses to each other. They were not building up immunity to the common infections they would normally encounter. When the restrictions were lifted, children began to mix, viruses began to circulate freely - and they suddenly were exposed with this lack of prior immunity to a whole battery of new infections. Prof Emma Thomson, University of Glasgow Larger studies are urgently needed to investigate the role of AAV2 in paediatric hepatitis cases. We also need to understand more about seasonal circulation of AAV2, a virus that is not routinely monitored, it may be that a peak of adenovirus infection has coincided with a peak in AAV2 exposure, leading to an unusual manifestation of hepatitis in susceptible young children Class II HLA-DRB1*04:01 allele Identified in 8/9 cases (89%) (background frequency of 15.6% in Scottish blood donors) Adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) mutations May be significant 9 capsid gene mutations over-represented in these cases altered phenotype, including substantial evasion of neutralising antibodies directed against wild-type AAV2, enhanced production yields, increased virion stability. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
September 24 · 18 min
Long term sickness, significant spike
And excess deaths and changes in the causes of death. https://twitter.com/ABridgen/status/1769790511475212394 The long term sick has risen by over 700,000 people since the spring of 2021, this coincides with the rollout of the experimental Covid 19 vaccine. https://www.hartgroup.org/rise-in-long-term-sickness/ https://app.powerbi.com/view?r=eyJrIjoiYmUwNmFhMjYtNGZhYS00NDk2LWFlMTAtOTg0OGNhNmFiNGM0IiwidCI6ImVlNGUxNDk5LTRhMzUtNGIyZS1hZDQ3LTVmM2NmOWRlODY2NiIsImMiOjh9 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Showing 761–772 of 772 episodes