
What is Consciousness? A Psychedelic & Panpsychist Perspective with Dr. Adam Barrett
What does it actually mean, physically, for a brain to be conscious, and what can psychedelics teach us about it? Can consciousness extend beyond living things, including artificial intelligence? In this episode of The Integration Session, we're joined by Dr. Adam Barrett, Associate Professor in Machine Learning and Data Science and Deputy Director of the Sussex Centre for Consciousness Science at the University of Sussex. Trained in mathematics and theoretical physics, Adam has spent his career developing and testing measures of brain complexity and information integration, and was involved in the discovery of increased neural complexity in the psychedelic state. In this episode, Adam walks us through what integrated information theory does and doesn't claim about consciousness, research insights from Robin Carhart-Harris and others about brain signal diversity associated with ketamine, LSD, and psilocybin, and what the gap between elegant theory and messy real-world data means for the future of consciousness science. We also venture into larger questions, including the scientific basis for panpsychism (the idea that consciousness may be a property of matter itself) and how this may offer spiritual comfort. Finally, we discuss the growing public fascination with consciousness and psychedelics, including Michael Pollan's new book, and whether artificial intelligence could ever be conscious. More About Adam: Dr. Adam Barrett is Associate Professor at the University of Sussex, where he is Deputy Director of the Sussex Centre for Consciousness Science. He researches the neural basis of consciousness using methods from mathematics, physics and data science. He is known for his critical and constructive engagement with the integrated information theory of consciousness. He has analysed brain imaging data from diverse states of consciousness, and was involved in the discovery of increased neural complexity in the psychedelic state. Ongoing work with Prof Robin Carhart-Harris explores how different measures of neural complexity relate to aspects of the psychedelic experience and changes in wellbeing.