Reformed Thinking

Edison Wu

"Reformed Thinking" is a podcast dedicated to unraveling the intricacies of biblical teachings and theological questions, influenced by the abundant heritage of Reformed theology and Puritan writings. Whether exploring weighty Bible passages or dissecting influential Reformed books and articles, our goal is to offer insights that not only cultivate intellectual expansion but also, and more crucially, spiritual edification. Join us as we traverse the depths of scripture and Reformed thought, aiming to enlighten and broaden your faith sojourn.

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October 7 · 27 min
The Majestic Silence of the King Before Pilate (Mark 15:1-5)
Deep Dive into The Majestic Silence of the King Before Pilate (Mark 15:1-5) These sources provide a comprehensive theological and historical analysis of the biblical narrative in Mark 15:1–5, focusing on Jesus’ trial before Pontius Pilate. The texts examine the profound paradox of the divine Creator standing in submissive silence while facing the malicious accusations of earthly authorities. By exploring the cultural and political landscape of first-century Judea, the authors illustrate how the Jewish Sanhedrin and Roman leadership collaborated to execute the King of the Jews. Central to both accounts is the redemptive significance of Christ’s restraint, which is presented as a voluntary act of substitutionary atonement rather than a sign of defeat. Ultimately, the writings emphasize that Jesus’ majestic stillness fulfilled ancient prophecies and established a model of holy endurance for the Christian church. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 7 · 42 min
The Father's Works Bear Witness: The Son's Divine Mission (John 5:36)
Deep Dive into The Father's Works Bear Witness: The Son's Divine Mission (John 5:36) These sources provide a comprehensive theological and exegetical analysis of John 5:36, focusing on how Jesus Christ’s miraculous actions serve as divine credentials. The texts explain that while John the Baptist offered a valid human testimony, Jesus’ "works" provide a superior witness because they originate directly from the Father to validate the Son’s mission. Both authors emphasize that these deeds are not random wonders but are purposeful signs intended to demonstrate Jesus’ ontological equality with God and his authority to give life. The commentaries explore the historical conflict over Sabbath laws at the pool of Bethesda, framing the discourse as a formal legal defense of Christ’s messianic identity. Ultimately, the sources conclude that these works demand a decisive response of faith, as they point toward the total fulfillment of redemption in Jesus' death and resurrection. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 7 · 47 min
Before the Cloud: The People's Answer and God's Witness at Sinai (Exodus 19:7-9)
Deep Dive into Before the Cloud: The People's Answer and God's Witness at Sinai (Exodus 19:7-9) These texts analyze Exodus 19:7–9, a critical moment at Mount Sinai where God establishes the terms of His covenant with Israel. The narrative follows Moses as the mediator who delivers God’s message to the elders and returns the people’s unanimous pledge of obedience to the Lord. Both sources emphasize that the people’s confident promise to follow all divine commands highlights a naive self-reliance contrasted against God's absolute holiness. To authenticate His messenger and protect the people, God announces His descent within a thick cloud, ensuring His presence is heard while maintaining a necessary distance from sinful humanity. The authors ultimately connect this event to Jesus Christ, framing him as the superior mediator who fulfills the obedience Israel could not maintain. By examining the historical and theological layers of the passage, the texts call for a modern response of reverent faith and reliance on divine grace over human effort. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 7 · 41 min
The Nature of the Satisfaction of Christ | John Owen
Deep Dive into The Death of Death in the Death of Christ by John Owen - Of the Nature of the Satisfaction of Christ, with Arguments from Thence John Owen explores the theological concept of satisfaction, defining it as the full compensation Christ paid to God's justice to release sinners from their legal debt. This debt, incurred through sin, required a penalty of death that Christ voluntarily underwent as a substitute for the transgressors. The author argues that Christ paid the exact obligation required by the law, rather than a mere equivalent, ensuring that God’s justice was perfectly settled. Because this payment was complete and exhaustive, Owen maintains that God cannot justly demand a second payment from those for whom Christ died. Consequently, the source suggests that universal redemption is logically inconsistent with satisfaction, as it would imply that God punishes many for debts already cleared by His Son. Through this rigorous analysis, Owen concludes that the substitutionary death of Christ effectively secures the certain freedom of all for whom he suffered. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 7 · 41 min
The LORD’s Pure Words in an Age of Lies (Psalm 12) | John Peter Lange et al.
Deep Dive into A Commentary on the Holy Scriptures: Psalms by John Peter Lange, et al. - Psalm 12 This excerpt provides a comprehensive theological and linguistic analysis of Psalm 12, focusing on the biblical lament over decaying societal morality and the rise of deceitful speech. The text examines the contrast between the unreliable words of the wicked—characterized by flattery and pride—and the pure, refined promises of God. Scholars and commentators explore David’s plea for divine intervention, interpreting the Lord’s response as a prophetic assurance of safety for the oppressed. Detailed exegetical notes clarify specific Hebrew terminology, such as the imagery of silver purified in a furnace, to emphasize the absolute reliability of scripture. Additionally, the source offers practical and homiletical reflections, encouraging believers to maintain faith and use prayer as a primary defense during eras of spiritual decline. Ultimately, the commentary portrays God as a constant protector who preserves the faithful despite the prevalence of cultural corruption. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 7 · 54 min
Profit and Loss (Mark 8:36) | Charles Spurgeon
Deep Dive into Profit and Loss (Mark 8:36) by Charles Spurgeon In this 1856 sermon, Charles Spurgeon utilizes a financial metaphor to argue that the human soul is a person's most valuable asset, far outweighing any material success. He asserts that even if one could achieve universal power, immense wealth, or total worldly pleasure, these gains are ultimately fleeting and burdened by deep anxiety. The text warns that focusing solely on the physical body while neglecting spiritual health leads to an eternal bankruptcy that cannot be reversed at death or judgment. Spurgeon emphasizes the intrinsic worth of the soul, noting that its capacity for infinite joy or misery makes its loss a tragedy beyond calculation. Ultimately, the discourse serves as an urgent plea for individuals to prioritize salvation through Christ over the pursuit of temporary earthly profits. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 7 · 58 min
The Man of Lawlessness: Deception, Judgment, and Christ’s Victory (2 Thessalonians 2:1–12) | F. F. Bruce
Deep Dive into Word Biblical Commentary: 1&2 Thessalonians by F. F. Bruce - The Rise and Fall of the Man of Lawlessness (2 Thess. 2:1-12) The provided text is an excerpt from F. F. Bruce’s Word Biblical Commentary, focusing on the eschatological themes of 2 Thessalonians 2:1-12. This source includes an extensive bibliography of international scholarship alongside a detailed translation and linguistic analysis of the Greek text regarding the "man of lawlessness." Bruce explores the historical identity of the "restrainer," suggesting that Paul likely viewed the Roman Empire as the force delaying total anarchy. The commentary clarifies that the Day of the Lord has not yet arrived because specific precursors, such as a global rebellion and the appearance of a counterfeit Messiah, must occur first. Ultimately, the source frames the rise of Antichrist as a satanic parody of Christ that will be abolished by the divine glory of Jesus' second coming. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 7 · 44 min
Alive to God in Christ: Seeing Yourself Truly as You Pray
Deep Dive into Alive to God in Christ: Seeing Yourself Truly as You Pray These sources investigate the theological foundation of Christian identity and its practical impact on prayer and spiritual growth. By examining Romans 6 and Colossians 3, the texts argue that believers are spiritually united with Jesus Christ in his death, resurrection, and heavenly exaltation. This mystical union serves as a vital remedy for legalism and self-effort, shifting the focus from human willpower to the finished work of the Savior. The authors emphasize that true prayer is not a performance to earn divine favor but a joyful response to a status already secured by grace. Ultimately, the writings encourage believers to reckon themselves dead to sin and alive to God, finding eternal security and daily strength in their hidden life with Christ. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 6 · 35 min
An Account of the Life of John Calvin | John Foxe
Deep Dive into Foxe's Book of Martyrs by John Foxe - An Account of the Life of John Calvin The provided text outlines the life and legacy of John Calvin, tracing his evolution from a student of law and divinity to a leading figure of the Protestant Reformation. It details his professional journey between Paris, Geneva, and Strassburg, highlighting his role in establishing church discipline and publishing his influential theological work, the Institutes of the Christian Religion. The source addresses the controversial execution of Michael Servetus, arguing that while Calvin participated in the arrest, he unsuccessfully sought a less cruel form of punishment amidst a climate of religious intolerance. Furthermore, the biography emphasizes Calvin’s personal frugality and integrity, noting that he lived modestly despite his immense international influence. Ultimately, the text credits Calvin with being a pivotal architect of civil liberty and a dedicated teacher of the Gospel until his death in 1564. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 6 · 36 min
When the Guns Resume: Justice, Verification, and Consequences in a Ukraine–Russia Ceasefire
Deep Dive into When the Guns Resume: Justice, Verification, and Consequences in a Ukraine–Russia Ceasefire These sources propose a rigorous framework for establishing a durable ceasefire between Ukraine and Russia by shifting the focus from diplomatic promises to enforceable consequences. The authors argue that a cessation of hostilities is only credible if it includes automated punitive triggers, such as immediate economic sanctions and military escalation, to deter the inevitable temptation to resume fighting. Both texts emphasize the necessity of independent verification and rapid attribution processes to ensure that violations are recognized and met with a proportionate response. Integrating Reformed Christian perspectives, the sources highlight the moral gravity of oath-breaking and the biblical mandate for civil authorities to exercise the "power of the sword" to protect the vulnerable. They contend that historical failures, like the Minsk agreements, prove that peace cannot be sustained through vague assurances alone. Ultimately, the proposal calls for pre-planned readiness so that any breach of the agreement results in swift, crushing, and predictable costs for the aggressor. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 6 · 36 min
Love That Never Ends: Christ and His People (1 Corinthians 13:4–8)
Deep Dive into Love That Never Ends: Christ and His People (1 Corinthians 13:4–8) These sources provide a comprehensive theological examination of 1 Corinthians 13:4–8, focusing on the Apostle Paul’s definition of divine love within the fractured community of the early Corinthian church. The texts argue that true spiritual maturity is found not in spectacular gifts or public eloquence, but in the patient, self-sacrificing character of a heart transformed by grace. By analyzing the historical and literary context, the authors highlight how Paul’s description of love served as a surgical rebuke of human pride and social rivalry. Both perspectives emphasize that Christian charity must be tethered to objective truth and find its ultimate fulfillment in the person and work of Jesus Christ. Ultimately, the sources contrast the transient nature of temporary spiritual manifestations with the eternal permanence of a love that never fails. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 6 · 37 min
The Anatomy of Carnal Presumption and the Triumph of Sovereign Grace (Mark 14:66-72)
Deep Dive into The Anatomy of Carnal Presumption and the Triumph of Sovereign Grace (Mark 14:66-72) These sources provide an exegetical and theological analysis of Simon Peter’s denial of Jesus as recorded in Mark 14:66–72. The texts examine the literary contrast between Christ’s courageous confession before the Sanhedrin and Peter’s cowardly disavowal in the courtyard, framed as a "Markan Sandwich." By exploring the historical context of Roman persecution, the authors illustrate how Peter’s fall serves as both a warning against carnal self-confidence and a testament to the sovereignty of divine grace. The narrative highlights how sin gains momentum through repeated compromise, eventually leading to a spiritual collapse triggered by the rooster’s crow. Ultimately, the overview emphasizes that Peter's restoration is grounded not in his own resolve, but in Christ's intercessory faithfulness and the infallible power of His word. These reflections encourage readers toward vigilant humility and a reliance on the mercy of the risen Savior. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 6 · 39 min
The Burning and Shining Lamp (John 5:33-35)
Deep Dive into The Burning and Shining Lamp (John 5:33-35) These sources provide a Reformed theological exposition of John 5:33–35, focusing on the relationship between the testimony of John the Baptist and the divine authority of Jesus Christ. The texts analyze how Jesus identifies John as a "burning and shining lamp" to graciously lead His opponents toward salvation, despite His own ontological self-sufficiency. A central theme is the indictment of superficial religion, as the religious leaders are rebuked for finding temporary, intellectual entertainment in John’s ministry while refusing to believe in the Messiah he announced. Through detailed Greek exegesis and historical context, the authors argue that human witnesses are derived instruments meant to point toward the uncreated Light of Christ. Ultimately, the overview warns modern readers against fleeting religious emotionalism, urging a transition from admiring the messenger to possessing saving faith in the Son of God. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 6 · 45 min
Carried on Eagles’ Wings: Redeemed for Covenant Holiness (Exodus 19:1–6)
Deep Dive into Carried on Eagles’ Wings: Redeemed for Covenant Holiness (Exodus 19:1–6) These theological examinations of Exodus 19:1–6 explore the pivotal moment when God established a formal covenant with Israel at Mount Sinai. The texts emphasize that divine grace and rescue from slavery served as the necessary foundation for the laws that followed. By metaphorically carrying the nation on eagles’ wings, the Lord transitioned them from being oppressed laborers to becoming a treasured possession and a kingdom of priests. This specific identity required a commitment to holiness and obedience as a response to their salvation rather than a means to earn it. Modern applications of these passages link the ancient Mosaic Covenant to the work of Jesus Christ, viewing him as the ultimate mediator who fulfills these priestly promises for his followers. Ultimately, the sources define the exodus not just as a physical escape, but as a deliberate journey into a consecrated relationship with the Creator. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 6 · 42 min
The Nature and Efficacy of Reconciliation in Christ's Death | John Owen
Deep Dive into The Death of Death in the Death of Christ by John Owen - Of the Nature of Reconciliation, and the Argument Taken from Thence In this theological excerpt, John Owen defines reconciliation as the restoration of friendship between God and humanity, specifically achieved through the death of Christ. He argues that true reconciliation is mutual, requiring both the removal of divine wrath and the transformation of human hearts from enmity to obedience. Owen contends that because this peace involves the non-imputation of sin, it cannot logically apply to all people, as many remain under judgment. By highlighting the permanent change in legal and spiritual status that the cross procures, he asserts that Christ’s sacrifice was intended only for those who are effectually reconciled. Therefore, he rejects the idea of universal redemption, concluding that a reconciliation that does not actually save every individual it covers is a logical impossibility. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 6 · 50 min
Christ Gives the Word and the Signs: Why the Church Cannot Invent Doctrine or Sacraments
Deep Dive into Christ Gives the Word and the Signs: Why the Church Cannot Invent Doctrine or Sacraments These sources argue that the church lacks the authority to create new doctrines or sacraments, as its role is to faithfully administer only what Jesus Christ has already instituted. Drawing from passages like 2 Timothy and Matthew 15, the texts emphasize that Scripture is the sufficient and final revelation for faith and practice. They warn that human traditions and ecclesiastical innovations often nullify the Word of God and burden the believer’s conscience with unnecessary requirements. The authors maintain that baptism and the Lord’s Supper are the only two valid sacraments because they were directly appointed by Christ. Ultimately, the church is presented as a steward of divine truth rather than an inventor of it, finding its true identity in submission to Christ's headship. This perspective calls for a rejection of man-made rituals in favor of the simple, powerful ministry of the gospel. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 6 · 47 min
Perfection in Christ (Colossians 1:28) | Charles Spurgeon
Deep Dive into Perfection in Christ (Colossians 1:28) by Charles Spurgeon This 1856 sermon by Charles Spurgeon explores the theological concept of perfection through Jesus Christ, contrasting human frailty with divine holiness. The author asserts that while absolute perfection is an essential requirement for entering heaven, it is impossible for humans to achieve through their own flawed nature or religious rituals. Instead, believers are viewed as flawless in the eyes of God because they are spiritually united with Christ, whose own sinless life and sacrificial death cover their imperfections. This state of justification by faith provides the Christian with profound inner peace and a powerful motivation to lead a virtuous life out of gratitude. Ultimately, the text serves as an encouragement to the weary and a call to the lost, offering complete restoration through the merits of a savior rather than personal effort. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 6 · 55 min
Growing Faith, Enduring Love, and Christ’s Return (2 Thessalonians 1:3–12) | F. F. Bruce
Deep Dive into Word Biblical Commentary: 1&2 Thessalonians by F. F. Bruce - Thanksgiving, Encouragement and Prayer (2 Thess. 1:3-12) This theological commentary examines the opening of 2 Thessalonians, specifically the themes of thanksgiving, encouragement, and prayer found in the first chapter. The author highlights how the writers express a formal, liturgical duty to thank God for the abundant growth in faith and mutual love displayed by the Thessalonian believers. A significant portion of the text addresses the persecutions and afflictions the community endured, framing their steadfastness as evidence of their worthiness for the kingdom of God. The sources explain that a future divine judgment will eventually reverse current roles, granting eternal relief to the faithful while imposing destruction upon their oppressors. This eschatological hope serves as a catalyst for ethical transformation, as the writers pray that God will empower the believers to live lives that glorify the name of Jesus. Ultimately, the commentary bridges the gap between future vindication and present holiness, asserting that the believers’ endurance is sustained by divine grace and the Holy Spirit. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 6 · 45 min
Hidden with Christ in God: The Mortification of the Self-Life and the Springs of Victorious Prayer
Deep Dive into Hidden with Christ in God: The Mortification of the Self-Life and the Springs of Victorious Prayer These sources explore the theological foundation of the Christian life, specifically how union with Jesus Christ empowers both prayer and moral transformation. They argue that spiritual growth and effective prayer cannot be sustained through human willpower or legalistic discipline, but must instead flow from the objective reality of Christ's death and resurrection. By examining passages like Romans 6 and Colossians 3, the authors explain that a believer’s "old self" has been decisively severed from sin’s authority and is now eternally hidden with God. This shift in identity allows individuals to reject the "barking orders" of indwelling sin and approach God with the confidence of adopted children. Ultimately, the texts serve as a pastoral guide, directing weary believers away from self-effort and toward the inexhaustible grace found in their vital connection to the Savior. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730
October 5 · 59 min
The Bondage of the Will: Calvin’s Refutation of Free Will | John Calvin
Deep Dive into Institutes of the Christian Religion by John Calvin - Refutation of the Objections Commonly Put Forward in Defense of Free Will In this refutation of free will, John Calvin systematically dismantles the arguments used to defend human autonomy in the process of salvation. He asserts that while sin is voluntary, it remains necessary due to the inherent corruption of human nature following the Fall. Calvin explains that divine precepts and scriptural exhortations do not imply human capacity; rather, they serve to highlight man's impotence and drive the believer toward divine grace. He argues that any good appearing in the human will is a result of God’s Spirit working within the heart, rather than an independent effort. Ultimately, the text maintains that salvation is an act of sovereign mercy, where God provides the very obedience He demands from His elect. Overturning common interpretations of parables and commands, Calvin insists that fallen man is spiritually dead and entirely dependent on God for regeneration. Reformed Theologian GPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-XXwzX1gnv-reformed-theologian Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@ReformedExplainer Worship Music: https://suno.com/playlist/3a498d0f-c90e-4981-8aa7-59834e7239f7 https://buymeacoffee.com/edi2730

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