Answers WithHeld

Hadar Institute

A podcast where we confront big questions with bold thinking and honest searching. Each week, Rabbi Shai Held sits down with a leading thinker or teacher to explore one powerful Jewish idea. This podcast doesn’t have all the answers, but it can uncover new insights and model what it means to take Torah and Jewish thought seriously.

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24 episodes
Updated May 11

Episodes24

Newest first

May 11 · 56 min
Faith and Doubt in Our Final Hours: A Conversation Between Dr. Lydia Dugdale and R. Shai Held
For many of us, confronting death raises urgent questions of faith, doubt, and the meaning and purpose of our lives. Yet we live in a culture that avoids talking about death, let alone the existential challenges it raises. Physician and ethicist Lydia Dugdale, author of The Lost Art of Dying, joins Rabbi Shai Held to draw on ancient and contemporary wisdom about mortality and meaning. Recorded in Fall 2025. This conversation is part of the Faith WithHeld series, generously sponsored by the Schiller family. Want the full Q&A? Catch the video version here: https://youtu.be/i1ktCH7ISoE
April 27 · 1 hr
Faith WithHeld: A Conversation Between Sarah Wildman and R. Shai Held
When the unthinkable happens, what remains of faith? Journalist Sarah Wildman, who lost her young daughter, joins Rabbi Shai Held in a searching conversation about grief, love, and the struggle to go on. They will probe how mourning collides with meaning-making, and how faith might fracture, endure, or be remade in the wake of devastating loss. Recorded in Fall 2025. This conversation is part of the Faith WithHeld series, generously sponsored by the Schiller family. Want the full Q&A? Catch the video version here: https://youtu.be/YNZb_AkS7Ec
Sep 25, 2025 · 39 min
Dreaming of the Messiah: What Can We Learn from Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook?
Was Rabbi Kook a mystic, a radical, or a realist? And what did he really believe about redemption? In this season finale, Rabbi Shai Held is joined by Professor Yehudah Mirsky to unpack the bold and complex messianic vision of Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook and the ways in which this vision still reverberates today. Together, they explore Kook’s hopes for a transformed humanity, his belief in the spiritual potential of the Jewish people, and how his messianism shaped (and was shaped by) the politics of his time.
Sep 17, 2025 · 42 min
Is Torah Study the Highest Value?
Is studying Torah really the most important thing a Jew can do? Or is that just something rabbis say—because they're the ones doing the studying? In this episode, Rabbi Shai Held talks with Rabbanit Devorah Zlochower about the value and limits of Talmud Torah. Together, they wrestle with classic rabbinic sources, the meaning of learning as a spiritual practice, and how Torah study connects (or sometimes disconnects) from justice, action, and everyday life. If you’ve ever wondered what makes learning holy—or whether it's enough on its own—this conversation is for you.
Sep 10, 2025 · 38 min
Judaism and the Heart
Is lighting candles, giving tzedakah, or saying a prayer enough if your heart’s not in it? Rabbis Shai Held and Josh Feigelson sit down to explore what it means to live a heart-centered Jewish life—and why it matters more than we often think. Together, they reflect on the perceived split between "the duties of the limbs" and "the duties of the heart," wrestle with the legacies of thinkers like Yeshayahu Leibowitz, and examine how cultivating the heart can help us live less reactive, more compassionate lives.
Sep 3, 2025 · 41 min
Where is God? Lessons from the Book of Ruth
What does it mean to embody God’s love in a world where God sometimes feels absent? In this episode, Rabbi Shai Held is joined by Christian biblical scholars Dr. Judy Fentress-Williams and Dr. Ellen Davis to explore what the Book of Ruth reveals—not just about loyalty and love, but about God’s subtle presence in human lives. Together, they ask: What does it mean for God to work through ordinary people? Can human faithfulness reveal divine faithfulness?
Aug 27, 2025 · 36 min
Questions That Can't be Answered: The Theology of Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik
What do we do with the questions that have no answers? How does Jewish faith confront suffering, loneliness, and finitude? And how did Soloveitchik's own life—marked by grief, tradition, and the tension between reason and revelation—shape his unique theological voice? In this episode, Rabbi Shai Held and scholar Arna Poupko Fisher explore the life and thought of Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik, one of the most important Jewish thinkers of the 20th century. Together, they examine Soloveitchik’s vision of a religious life, one that doesn’t solve every problem, but gives us the language to live with our questions—and find meaning in the asking.
Aug 20, 2025 · 40 min
God in Search of Man: The Theology of Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel
What if God isn't just the one we seek—but the one who seeks us? In this episode, Rabbi Shai Held is joined by Rabbi Dr. Michael Marmur for a profound and passionate exploration of the theology of Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel—one of the most influential Jewish thinkers of the 20th century. Together, they unpack Heschel’s daring idea that God is not a distant, unmoved mover, but a personal, passionate presence—a God of pathos who longs for humanity’s response. What does it mean to say that God is “in search of man”? Why was Heschel so critical of a purely rationalist or philosophical picture of God? And what kind of life are we called to live if we truly believe that God cares about justice, compassion, and the vulnerable?
Aug 13, 2025 · 37 min
I and Thou: The Theology of Martin Buber
Warning: This episode includes discussion of suicide. What does it mean to truly meet another person—or even God—as a “Thou” and not an “It”? In this episode, Rabbi Shai Held and Dr. Arnie Eisen dive into Martin Buber’s transformative philosophy of relationship. They explore how Buber’s I and Thou challenges us to encounter others with presence and vulnerability, how this vision shapes prayer and ethics, and whether such deep connection is possible—or sustainable—in everyday life. Along the way, they reflect on love, loneliness, and the sacred potential in human encounter.
Aug 6, 2025 · 40 min
God Has No Attributes: The Theology of Maimonides
Can we really describe God—or does every word fall short? In this episode, Rabbis Shai Held and Jason Rubenstein explore the bold theology of Maimonides, who argued that the only true way to speak about God… is not to speak at all. Together they unpack why saying “God is loving” might actually be misleading, what it means to worship a God beyond human understanding, and how silence, awe, and mystery can shape a meaningful spiritual life.
Jul 30, 2025 · 44 min
What is Obligation?
Rabbis Shai Held and Tali Adler explore one of the most provocative images in rabbinic tradition: that at Sinai, God held a mountain over the Israelites’ heads and threatened them into accepting the Torah. What does this say about the nature of faith, agency, and obligation? In this episode, Rabbi Shai Held and Rabbi Tali Adler explore deep questions about obligation, autonomy, commitment, and love. What does it mean to choose God in a world where God so often feels hidden? And how do commitment, tradition, and personal relationships shape a life of religious meaning?
Jul 23, 2025 · 38 min
Can We Judge Everyone Favorably?
Can we really judge everyone favorably? Rabbis Shai Held and Steve Greenberg dive into this Jewish idea, exploring how a generous outlook can transform relationships, personal healing, and even our view of God. But where do we draw the line? Tune in for a candid conversation that gets real about the power – and potential pitfalls – of seeing the best in everyone.
Jul 17, 2025 · 1 min
Welcome Back for Season 2 of Answers WithHeld!
Rabbi Shai Held returns with a new cast of guest for another season of Answers WithHeld, the podcast where we confront big questions with bold thinking and honest searching. Every week, Rabbi Shai Held invites a leading thinker or teacher to explore one powerful Jewish idea or the life and legacy of a great Jewish thinker: Can We Really Judge Everyone Favorably? Is Torah Study the Highest Value? Is There Choice in Accepting the Torah? No pressure. Together, we wrestle with timeless questions, uncover new insights, and model what it means to take Torah and Jewish thought seriously.
May 13, 2024 · 33 min
Why Do You Believe in God?
In this special season finale, R. Shai Held welcomes his two oldest children to model a genuine conversation about God, experiences, belief, and doubt. Lev and Maya share some of the biggest questions on their minds as well as offer sage advice to grown-ups about how to have meaningful and impactful conversations with kids.
May 6, 2024 · 38 min
What Happens After I Die?
Questions surrounding our own mortality are some of the hardest to ask, and certainly some of the hardest to answer. What happens when we die? What does it mean to have a soul? R. Sharon Cohen Anisfeld joins R. Shai Held for a deeply meaningful exploration of these profound questions.
Apr 15, 2024 · 42 min
Why Do Bad Things Happen?
R. Aviva Richman joins R. Shai Held to discuss one of the most difficult moral and religious questions - why do bad things happen? Where is God when they do? Personal childhood memories of confronting this question lead them to explore how being present might mediate God's presence, to appreciate petitionary prayer in nuanced and sophisticated ways, and to wonder about God's role of holding loss in times of tragedy.
Apr 8, 2024 · 36 min
What If I'm Not Sure I Believe in God?
What if I don't believe in God? What if I'm not sure? Rabbi Dr. Leon Wiener Dow joins Rabbi Shai Held to reflect on the importance of doubt and continuing to question. They identify some of the straight-jackets that we put on our thinking about God and explore the possibility of being open to a spiritual life with or without a belief in God.
Apr 1, 2024 · 42 min
Am I My Brother's Keeper?
Universalism or particularism? It's often cited as a debate of one versus the other, but R. Shai Held and R. Jill Jacobs reflect on how both these priorities can actually strengthen the other. They consider texts that speak to how we live out our values as well as how to raise kids who care deeply.
Mar 25, 2024 · 40 min
Why Did God Create the World?
Why did God create the world - and why did God create me within it? R. Yitz Greenberg joins R. Shai Held to ponder these theological questions and consider what it means to have a posture of gratitude and to know that we each have an individual mission or purpose in the world.
Mar 18, 2024 · 36 min
Why Does the Torah Allow Slavery?
What do we do when we encounter morally troubling parts of Torah? Dr. Arna Poupko Fisher joins R. Shai Held to try and understand slavery in the Torah's historical context, as well as how we might understand the Torah more broadly as launching us into a more ethical legal trajectory. Their sage advice on nurturing kids' moral passions and finding our own confidence when faced with difficult questions is relatable for parents, educators, and adults in general.