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Physical Attraction

Thomas

Physical Attraction is the show that explores topics in science, technology, and the future - from a physicist's perspective. From the birth of stars to the end of the world, from interviews with experts to meticulously-researched deep dives, we'll explore the topics that shape our world.

  • 247 episodes
  • Updated Mar 9, 2022

Episodes247

  • Apr 12, 2019 · 29 min

    Nuclear Fusion XI: The Tokamak Revolution

    In the late 1960s, scientists crossed the Iron Curtain. Their mission was to investigate whether the claims of Russian scientists about their new nuclear fusion device, the tokamak, were really true. Their findings would change fusion research forever. www.physicspodcast.com

  • Apr 5, 2019 · 59 min

    Kate Devlin on Turned On: Science, Sex and Robots

    Taking a break from our nuclear fusion odyssey this week, I have a very special episode for you today. This week, our guest is Dr Kate Devlin. She's a senior lecturer in computer science who studies artificial intelligence and human-robot interaction, and she wrote a magnificent book: Turned On, Science, Sex and Robots. Now, the tagline is that the book is about love and sex with robots – and there is a great deal of fascinating stuff in there about that – but it's also a wonderful history of humanoid robotics, in reality and in fiction, and a great survey of the academic research into human-robot interactions in general. As artificial intelligence and chatbots become more omnipresent, and also take on a bigger role in our culture, whole new fields of psychology and sociology open up. We've already talked a little about chatbots in past episodes, and Dr Devlin's book was one of the best and most entertaining works that I've read about artificial intelligence and robots in a long time, so I was super excited to get this interview. Thanks for listening to this episode of Physical Attraction, and many thanks to our guest, Dr Kate Devlin. You can find her book – Turned On, Science, Sex and Robots – where-ever good books are sold, but I also highly recommend the audiobook… if, like me, you're getting those monthly Audible credits, it's wonderfully narrated by the author. You can also find out more about her work at www.drkatedevlin.com , and if you Google around, there are some Ted Talks and things of that variety to keep you entertained. And now for our housekeeping. A reminder that I'm still planning this 100th episode competition, but the due date is being continually extended – send your answers to the question "What Is Physics?" in text or audio format via the contact form on our website, and you'll be in with a chance to win books from some of our previous interview guests and a place on the show. The nuclear fusion series will be resuming shortly, and I can't wait to share it all with you, but I'm also not averse to puncturing it with a few off-topic breaks now and then as a palate-cleanser. But if you have any comments, questions, or concerns about the show, you can contact us via the contact form at www.physicspodcast.com, and you can find me on Twitter @physicspod. If you want to support the show, we have a Patreon account, at www.patreon.com/PhysicalAttraction – and I've actually just put up some "b-sides", there, shows that I recorded but didn't release for one reason or another, that subscribers can now enjoy listening to – alongside all the bonus episodes on Alien Attacks, Free Energy Scams, and failed end-of-the-world-predictions. Of course, if you don't want to donate, the best thing you can do to support us is always always to tell as many people about the show as you possibly can. Until next time, then, take care!

  • Mar 22, 2019 · 31 min

    Nuclear Fusion X: Doldrums and Tokamaks

    After the first generation of nuclear fusion reactors had profound instabilities, and couldn't confine the plasma for long enough to achieve their aims, the world began to realise that fusion might not be just ten years away from reality - and the whole field sank into the doldrums... until a very Soviet intervention. Physical Attraction is the podcast about physics, science, and technology. You can find further details about the show at www.physicspodcast.com - where you'll find the contact form, for any comments, questions, or concerns you may have. [I'm very good at responding to stuff that isn't spam.] You can also donate to the show via www.paypal.me/physicspodcast and you can subscribe to our Patreon via www.patreon.com/PhysicalAttraction . Both will give you the opportunity to purchase our past bonus episodes for a nominal donation! The best way you can support the show, though, is to tell as many people about it as you possibly can. You can engage with us on social media - Twitter @physicspod and Facebook, Physical Attraction. Until next time, take care.

  • Mar 15, 2019 · 27 min

    Nuclear Fusion IX: A Sun of Our Own

    In 1958, to great fanfare, the ZETA experiment at Harwell announced that they had achieved thermonuclear reactions, controlled in the lab. It was considered a huge breakthrough along the road towards nuclear fusion, and tabloids at the time trumpeted the experiment as allowing "limitless energy from sea water", and called it "Britain's Sputnik". But not everyone was convinced. Physical Attraction is the podcast about physics, science, and technology. You can find further details about the show at www.physicspodcast.com - where you'll find the contact form, for any comments, questions, or concerns you may have. [I'm very good at responding to stuff that isn't spam.] You can also donate to the show via www.paypal.me/physicspodcast and you can subscribe to our Patreon via www.patreon.com/PhysicalAttraction . Both will give you the opportunity to purchase our past bonus episodes for a nominal donation! The best way you can support the show, though, is to tell as many people about it as you possibly can. You can engage with us on social media - Twitter @physicspod and Facebook, Physical Attraction. Until next time, take care.

  • Mar 8, 2019 · 23 min

    Nuclear Fusion VIII: Kinky and Unstable

    In the early 1950s, optimism surrounding the potential for nuclear fusion in devices like the Stellarator, the pinch devices, and the magnetic mirror were frustrated by plasma instabilities. It turns out that you cannot treat plasmas like charged particles whizzing around in magnetic fields - instead, the complex theory of magnetohydrodynamics needs to be taken into account, and, as the name suggests, it's not easy to understand! Physical Attraction is the podcast about physics, science, and technology. You can find further details about the show at www.physicspodcast.com - where you'll find the contact form, for any comments, questions, or concerns you may have. [I'm very good at responding to stuff that isn't spam.] You can also donate to the show via www.paypal.me/physicspodcast and you can subscribe to our Patreon via www.patreon.com/PhysicalAttraction . Both will give you the opportunity to purchase our past bonus episodes for a nominal donation! The best way you can support the show, though, is to tell as many people about it as you possibly can. You can engage with us on social media - Twitter @physicspod and Facebook, Physical Attraction. Until next time, take care.

  • Mar 1, 2019 · 20 min

    Nuclear Fusion VII - Juan Step Beyond

    In 1950-1, Argentine dictator Juan Peron and German scientist Ronald Richter announced that they had cracked the secret of limitless energy from nuclear fusion, and would soon sell energy "in pint-sized bottles, like milk" to every household in the nation. Of course, the slight problem was that this technology was really (perhaps) a century away, and Ronald Richter was a crackpot. But they still had their impact on the history of nuclear fusion. This is their story. Physical Attraction is the podcast about physics, science, and technology. You can find further details about the show at www.physicspodcast.com - where you'll find the contact form, for any comments, questions, or concerns you may have. [I'm very good at responding to stuff that isn't spam.] You can also donate to the show via www.paypal.me/physicspodcast and you can subscribe to our Patreon via www.patreon.com/PhysicalAttraction . Both will give you the opportunity to purchase our past bonus episodes for a nominal donation! The best way you can support the show, though, is to tell as many people about it as you possibly can. You can engage with us on social media - Twitter @physicspod and Facebook, Physical Attraction. Until next time, take care.

  • Feb 25, 2019 · 37 min

    Thermonuclear Takes: Teenage Fusion Cloudless Skies and a new AI

    Hello, and welcome to this episode of Thermonuclear Takes - our occasional bonus episodes that deal with topics in the news when there's just TOO MUCH EXCITING STUFF out there to talk about. This episode: The teenager who built a nuclear fusion reactor in his bedroom - should ITER give up and go home? (Spoiler: no.) A new study that suggests possible catastrophic climate feedbacks at high temperatures has been published OpenAI's new neural network is like nothing we've ever seen, and can imitate human writing more convincingly than I'd thought possible yet You can find the show at www.physicspodcast.com and contact us with your comments, questions, concerns, etc. Twitter @physicspod Facebook - Physical Attraction.

  • Feb 22, 2019 · 27 min

    Nuclear Fusion VI: Pinches, Stellarators, Perhapsatrons

    Building a nuclear fusion power plant is no easy feat. Fusion naturally occurs in temperatures comparable to those at the heart of the Sun - temperatures so hot as to instantly vaporise virtually any substance on Earth. Physical Attraction is the podcast about physics, science, and technology. You can find further details about the show at www.physicspodcast.com - where you'll find the contact form, for any comments, questions, or concerns you may have. [I'm very good at responding to stuff that isn't spam.] You can also donate to the show via www.paypal.me/physicspodcast and you can subscribe to our Patreon via www.patreon.com/PhysicalAttraction . Both will give you the opportunity to purchase our past bonus episodes for a nominal donation! The best way you can support the show, though, is to tell as many people about it as you possibly can. You can engage with us on social media - Twitter @physicspod and Facebook, Physical Attraction. Until next time, take care.

  • Feb 15, 2019 · 26 min

    Nuclear Fusion V: Teller's Bomb [REUPLOAD]

    [Reupload with the actual, correct file this time - sorry! Thomas] When Teller's dream of a hydrogen, fusion bomb was eventually realised, it was another physicist, Ulam, who really came up with the winning design... and the first steps along the road to nuclear fusion on Earth. Physical Attraction is the podcast about physics, science, and technology. You can find further details about the show at www.physicspodcast.com - where you'll find the contact form, for any comments, questions, or concerns you may have. [I'm very good at responding to stuff that isn't spam.] You can also donate to the show via www.paypal.me/physicspodcast and you can subscribe to our Patreon via www.patreon.com/PhysicalAttraction . Both will give you the opportunity to purchase our past bonus episodes for a nominal donation! The best way you can support the show, though, is to tell as many people about it as you possibly can. You can engage with us on social media - Twitter @physicspod and Facebook, Physical Attraction. Until next time, take care.

  • Feb 7, 2019 · 23 min

    Nuclear Fusion IV: Teller's Dream

    You can get too caught up in praising the beauty of science and conflating that with praising the individual. I think we should recognise and appreciate brilliance, but stop short of hero-worship. It's reductive. It diminishes people. It removes important parts of who they were. It can, in its worst excesses, be downright dangerous. Nevertheless, that's not a problem I have today, even though I'm going to tell this story partly biographically. Because Edward Teller, for all his brilliance in physics, is not the kind of person you'd want to worship as a hero. Yet it's Teller, for good or ill, rightly or wrongly, who is most associated with the first successful large-scale harnessing of the power of fusion by human beings: the hydrogen bomb. If you've ever seen the film Dr Strangelove, or "How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love The Bomb", you'll know something of the popular perception of Teller. If you haven't, you should immediately find a copy and watch it. From the moment that Teller was brought onto the Manhattan project, he was pushing for it to expand – not just to create a bomb that would harness the power of nuclear fission, but a fusion bomb. A hydrogen bomb, that would – according to theoretical calculations – be thousands of times more powerful. It would begin a long career in physics and the military that would see Teller consistently and endlessly advocate for more and more powerful weapons – total nuclear supremacy over the Soviet Union. It was an obsessive quest that led some of his oldest friends and colleagues to turn on him, in the end. The physicist Isidore Rabi later said: "He is a danger to all that is important. I do really feel it would have been a better world without Teller." Physical Attraction is the podcast about physics, science, and technology. You can find further details about the show at www.physicspodcast.com - where you'll find the contact form, for any comments, questions, or concerns you may have. [I'm very good at responding to stuff that isn't spam.] You can also donate to the show via www.paypal.me/physicspodcast and you can subscribe to our Patreon via www.patreon.com/PhysicalAttraction . Both will give you the opportunity to purchase our past bonus episodes for a nominal donation! The best way you can support the show, though, is to tell as many people about it as you possibly can. You can engage with us on social media - Twitter @physicspod and Facebook, Physical Attraction. Until next time, take care.

  • Feb 5, 2019 · 4 min

    Announcing 100th Episode "What Is Physics" Competition, with FABULOUS PRIZES

    Physical Attraction: 100th Episode Competition Physical Attraction is the podcast focused on physics, science and technology – and we're about to reach a very big milestone when our 100th episode releases later on this year. To celebrate, we're hosting a special competition with FABULOUS PRIZES. To enter, you need to send us your answer to the question "What is physics?", either in written form, or (even better) recorded by you on some suitable equipment. Ideally, entries will be more than a few sentences long and no longer than 1000 words / ten minutes spoken audio, although exceptions will be made for shorter or longer entries of exceptional quality! You can interpret this as broadly or as specifically as you like, and it doesn't have to be a dictionary definition. What has physics meant in your life? How do you view the boundaries between physics and "other sciences"? What role do you think physics and physicists have to play in society, in our pursuit of knowledge, philosophically? What does physics mean in the modern world? What can it mean in the future? Or you can focus on some specific aspect of physics that fascinates you. All suitable entries will form part of the 100th episode extravaganza, which is why I want to get as many different perspectives as possible. You will be on the podcast! Feel free to introduce yourself and details of your own story. All suitable entries will also receive a Physical Attraction postcard and ceramic mug, alongside free download links for the extra bonus episodes that we've released so far. Then there will be first and second place prizes! The second place winner receives everything above, plus books by Physical Attraction interview guests Phil Torres, Simon Ings, Britt Wray, and SMBC Zach Weinersmith: Phil Torres - Morality, Foresight, and Human FlourishingSimon Ings – Stalin and the Scientists Britt Wray – Rise of the Necrofauna Zach and Kelly Weinersmith - Soonish The first place winner receives everything from second place, including the four books, plus the right to choose the subject of one episode of the show – anything science and technology-related, topic subject to discussion. I will then research, write, and record that episode, which can include a special dedication to the contest prize winner as part of it. Sounds good? Great! Get your entries in by March 31st 2019 to be eligible. Entries should be submitted via the competition email physicspod@outlook.com, or you can contact me on Twitter @physicspod or Facebook. All details of the contest can be found here: www.physicspodcast.com/about while you can contact us for any clarifications here: http://physicalattraction.libsyn.com/contact

  • Feb 3, 2019 · 1 hr 13 min

    Huey Long: Episode V-VI Omnibus

    The good people of the United States Senate were not prepared for Huey P. Long. Could Huey Long's personality, travelling-salesman charm, and Share Our Wealth populism catapult him into the White House? In this episode, we find out. www.autocracynow.libsyn.com www.physicspodcast.com

  • Jan 31, 2019 · 40 min

    Nuclear Fusion III: Semi-Empirical Mass Formula

    There's a famous saying that's attributed to the statistician Henry L Box – but it's one of the most important sayings for thinking about physics, and science in general. "All models are wrong, but some models are useful." What does this mean, and how does it relate to the nucleus of the atom? Can we work out how the atomic energy levels behave... without knowing the first thing about quantum mechanics or the strong nuclear force that binds the atom together? Physical Attraction is the podcast about physics, science, and technology. You can find further details about the show at www.physicspodcast.com - where you'll find the contact form, for any comments, questions, or concerns you may have. [I'm very good at responding to stuff that isn't spam.] You can also donate to the show via www.paypal.me/physicspodcast and you can subscribe to our Patreon via www.patreon.com/PhysicalAttraction . Both will give you the opportunity to purchase our past bonus episodes for a nominal donation! The best way you can support the show, though, is to tell as many people about it as you possibly can. You can engage with us on social media - Twitter @physicspod and Facebook, Physical Attraction. Until next time, take care.

  • Jan 25, 2019 · 22 min

    Nuclear Fusion II: The Gold Foil Experiment

    Our series of episodes on nuclear fusion begins with the Rutherford Gold Foil experiment, which first discovered the nucleus and changed our understanding of the atomic world forever. From an experiment "every bit as astonishing as if you shot a 15-inch shell at tissue paper and it bounced back", to the poor graduate students who had to stay up all night in pitch dark counting tiny flashes, we'll discuss this seminal experiment and its results. Physical Attraction is the podcast about physics, science, and technology. You can find further details about the show at www.physicspodcast.com - where you'll find the contact form, for any comments, questions, or concerns you may have. [I'm very good at responding to stuff that isn't spam.] You can also donate to the show via www.paypal.me/physicspodcast and you can subscribe to our Patreon via www.patreon.com/PhysicalAttraction . Both will give you the opportunity to purchase our past bonus episodes for a nominal donation! The best way you can support the show, though, is to tell as many people about it as you possibly can. You can engage with us on social media - Twitter @physicspod and Facebook, Physical Attraction. Until next time, take care.

  • Jan 18, 2019 · 23 min

    Nuclear Fusion I: Darwin vs Kelvin

    What happened when one of history's most esteemed biologists fought with one of history's most esteemed physicists about how old the Earth could be? And what has any of this got to do with nuclear fusion? Find out more in the next, exciting instalment of The Hitchhiker's Guide To --- I mean, Physical Attraction. Physical Attraction is the podcast about physics, science, and technology. You can find further details about the show at www.physicspodcast.com - where you'll find the contact form, for any comments, questions, or concerns you may have. [I'm very good at responding to stuff that isn't spam.] You can also donate to the show via www.paypal.me/physicspodcast and you can subscribe to our Patreon via www.patreon.com/PhysicalAttraction . Both will give you the opportunity to purchase our past bonus episodes for a nominal donation! The best way you can support the show, though, is to tell as many people about it as you possibly can. You can engage with us on social media - Twitter @physicspod and Facebook, Physical Attraction. Until next time, take care.

  • Jan 8, 2019 · 1 hr 7 min

    Huey P Long Omnibus - From Election to Impeachment

    In 1928, Huey Long was riding high. He'd beaten all opposition and achieved the second step in his life-plan. Get elected to minor public office, check. Get elected to the Governorship, check. There's little doubt given everything we know about him that he was already angling for a seat in the Senate - although in his early addresses he was already lying about "ridding the state of corruption and waste... without ambition for ever again holding another public office." A bold claim for a man who had "become President" on his to-do list. But in order to do that, he would have to deliver on his outlandish promises that he'd made in the campaign to be Governer. He had to keep his base onside and prove that he wasn't the lying demagogue that his hated media constantly portrayed him to be. In the meantime, the powers that be in the state of Louisiana dusted themselves off and began strategizing how they would manipulate the young and inexperienced Governor to keep their interests at heart. They had dealt with demagogues before; Huey was not unique in that respect, although few of them had made it to his lofty position. Confidence was probably high amongst the establishment that most of them could work with Huey, that things would continue more or less as they had before, and in a few years - promises largely broken - the political machines could wrestle back control. This was how many people thought it was going to go. A lot of them were mistaken. "I would rather go down to a thousand impeachments than admit that I am the Governor of the state that does not dare to call the Standard Oil company to account so that we can educate our children and care for the destitute, sick, and afflicted." Huey called mass rallies, warning his supporters to "beware the lying newspapers, pay no attention to what they say". At the rallies, he quoted his favourite poem, Invictus: "I am the master of my fate, I am the captain of my soul!" This is the story of the impeachment of Huey Long.

  • Jan 1, 2019 · 1 hr 46 min

    Karin Kuhlemann on Overpopulation

    Hello, and welcome to this episode of Physical Attraction. In this episode, I interview Karin Kuhlemann on the subject of population. We touched on this briefly during the TEOTWAWKI specials, particularly in relation to the ancient ideas of Malthus - that famine might "correct" natural excesses of human population in due course. In that case, a technological fix in the form of agricultural and green revolutions allowed the Earth to support many times more people. But how sustainable is this? And, if you decide that the world is overpopulated, and there aren't enough natural resources to allow everyone to live fulfilling lives, what could we do to change this situation? Whenever I read any article about the environment, people in the comments section are often quick to blame "overpopulation" rather than "overconsumption", but seldom suggest any solutions that aren't utterly terrifying. So all this means we have an interesting interview in store today. Karin Kuhlemann is a PhD candidate at the UCL Department of Political Theory and a practicing lawyer specialised in public, financial services and regulatory law. In the course of her PhD, she's published several articles in both the academic and popular press, and they're all well-worth reading: in this interview we particularly refer to "Any size population will do? The fallacy of aiming for stabilization of human numbers", but you can find several of them at http://ucl.academia.edu/KarinKuhlemann. Thanks for listening to this episode of Physical Attraction. I think this topic is a truly important one to debate, even though it's incredibly complex and prone to all kinds of misunderstandings and moral hazards, emphasising one argument over another too much. Sometimes, dealing with humanity's problems isn't always easy: it requires difficult conversations. But if you'd like to be part of that conversation, there are plenty of ways you can get in touch to discuss this or any of our episodes - you can contact us via the form at www.physicspodcast.com, you can contact us on Twitter @physicspod or Facebook at the Physical Attraction page. Soon, we'll be launching our series on nuclear fusion. I'm going through some very busy weeks at the start of this year, so it's possible that I might have to duck out for the odd week, but rest assured - there are enough scripts written for us to keep doing shows way into 2019, and I'm not done writing yet. So stick around, and we'll explore all kinds of things in the world of physics and beyond! Until next time, be kind to each other.

  • Dec 13, 2018 · 1 hr 19 min

    Amy Westervelt on Drilled: the True Crime podcast about Climate Denial

    This week, we're going to be talking to Amy Westervelt, host of the new podcast - Drilled - which looks into how fossil fuel companies secretly funded fossil fuel deniers and misled the public about the science. https://podtail.com/en/podcast/drilled/ Amy Westervelt is a print and radio reporter who contributes regularly to The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, Forbes, Fast Company, and various NPR shows and stations. Her work has also appeared in The Guardian, Popular Science, Elle, Teen Vogue, and many other publications. She now hosts multiple podcasts via the Critical Frequency Podcast network. You can find her and the network @CriticalFreqPod @AmyWestervelt We had a fascinating conversation about climate change and politics in the United States, her inspiration behind the show, and the "true crime" aspects of denialism. So without further ado, my interview with Amy Westervelt. www.physicspodcast.com @physicspod

  • Dec 10, 2018 · 1 hr 6 min

    Bonus: Huey P Long, Episode 1-2: The Whirlwind

    Imagine, for a moment, that there was a politician in the United States very unlike the others. One who was willing to promise all things to all people, who had no qualms about changing his position on a daily basis. One who viciously attacked the establishment, made personal attacks on his opponents and gave them derogatory nicknames and violated every democratic norm in the book. One who fought against freedom of the press, and constantly denounced the 'lying newspapers', when they reported on the corruption that he was steeped in. A politician who was perfectly happy to tear up the constitution, and anyone who stood in his way, in order to achieve his ends. A demagogue whose rise and rise to power seemed absurd to the establishment, but made sense to the people, many of whom loved him and believed that he was the only one on their side. And, on this wave of popular support and crazy promises, and with a complete disregard for the way things should be done, a politician who set himself up as a ruthless, corrupt, kleptocratic dictator. Now imagine there was a politician in the US who fought against vested interests, big corporations, and argued tirelessly and energetically for redistribution of the wealth. A politician who was never afraid to speak his mind, and to speak truth to power: who had contempt for Washington because it was contemptible. A man of the people who was frustrated with being blocked and slandered at every turn, and the ineffective methods of his fellows at dealing with crisis, and subverted a corrupt and contemptible democracy on behalf of the ordinary people. He destroyed a system that needed destroying, and sought power in order to do the good that he knew other politicians couldn't do. A man with a sense of destiny, who was unfairly slandered and maligned by the vested interests and the wealthy elite that he sought to undermine. He would argue he was only doing openly what everyone else had done covertly for years. A man who said: 'A demagogue is someone who doesn't keep his promises to the people, and I kept every one of mine' - and many went along with him, and refused to believe any of the attempts to smear him, because they knew he was on their side. Both men existed in the manic, whirlwind frame of Huey P Long, who cut such a dramatic figure in Louisiana politics, and later national politics, in the 1920s and 30s. The man and the methods make him an irresistible figure for politicised histories. There are always two Hueys: the straight-talking man of the people who sought power to make things better, and the vicious demagogue who exploited lies and popular support to dominate the state and enrich himself. Now, more than ever - when there seem to be two of every major political figure floating around, depending on your stripes - we should examine such a life. It helps that it's also a quite incredible story, and Huey himself is as quotable a politician as has ever lived. In these episodes, we will deal with his origin story, from obscurity in Louisiana to running for office for the first time.

  • Dec 7, 2018 · 29 min

    Thermodynamics III: You Can't Get Out of The Game

    The laws of thermodynamics govern the flow of energy - from your coffee cup to the sparse plasma floating between stars to the formation of black holes. And, in short, they are: You can't win. You can't break even. You can't get out of the game. These laws, which were first derived by dreaming of ideal heat engines, turned out to have profound and vital physical and philosophical consequences. Far from just relating to an arbitrary concept called "temperature", they can teach us about how the Universe began - and how it will all, inevitably end. This episode deals with the Third Law of Thermodynamics - regarding the impossibility of attaining absolute zero. We'll also discuss the seeming paradox that, while you cannot reduce matter to a temperature of absolute zero in a finite time, you can have negative absolute temperatures.... according to certain definitions of temperature. You can listen to all of our archived episodes up at www.physicspodcast.com or listen to our sister podcast, Autocracy Now, at www.autocracynow.libsyn.com. On the physicspodcast website, you will find a contact form where you can discuss any comments, questions, concerns, suggestions for future show topics or interview guests - we'd love to hear from you. You can also donate to the show there, or buy some bonus episodes to help support us: we have a Patreon, or you can label your Paypal donation and I will send you the episodes. You can also contact us via Twitter @physicspod or @autocracynow. Thanks for listening, and tell fellow thermodynamic systems about the show!