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KeyLIME+

your host Adam Szulewski

KeyLIME+ is a bi-weekly podcast hosted by Dr. Adam Szulewski and features in-depth interviews with authors and experts as they explore what we think we know about medical education and where we're going as a field.

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  • 20 episodes
  • fortnightly
  • Avg 36 min
  • English

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  • Today · 34 min

    [47] Why Good Ideas Get Stuck: Sludge, Nudges, and Choice Architecture

    In this episode, Dr. Lea Harper joins Adam to discuss how behavioral economics can shape clinician behavior in medical education and clinical practice. They explore the difference between nudging and sludge, the role of default options, and how system design influences everyday decisions. Using examples from health care and beyond, the conversation examines how unnecessary friction slows progress and how thoughtful system design can help good ideas get over the finish line and effect meaningful change. Episode Length: 34:06 Resources to check-out Harper, L., Coderre, S., Lithgow, K., Kelly‐Turner, K., Davis, M., & McLaughlin, K. (2025). We should nudge clinicians and trainees to participate in health professions education programmes. Medical Education, 59(12), 1333-1340. Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness. Thaler, R. H., & Sunstein, C. R. (2021). Nudge: The final edition. Penguin. Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • September 1 · 47 min

    [46] High Standards, Changing Realities: Competence, Certification, and the Evolving Healthcare Landscape

    Are we chasing a standard of excellence that today's healthcare system can realistically sustain? On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam speaks with medical education leaders Drs. Farhan Bhanji and Damon Dagnone about the future of medical education and healthcare in Canada. They explore Competence by Design, the tension between certification and licensure, the physician workforce crisis, and the changing role of internationally trained physicians in Canada. As pressures mount on healthcare systems, regulators, and training programs, the conversation explores an important question: how should medical education evolve to meet the needs of learners, physicians, and patients in today's healthcare environment Episode Length: 47:48 Resources to check-out John Norcini, Irina Grabovsky, Michael A Barone, M Brownell Anderson, Ravi S Pandian, Alex J Mechaber, The Associations Between United States Medical Licensing Examination Performance and Outcomes of Patient Care, Academic Medicine, Volume 99, Issue 3, March 2024, Pages 325–330, https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000005480 Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • August 18 · 38 min

    2026 Summer Rewind #4

    [43] The Hidden Curriculum Exposed: When the CEOs of Canada's Family Medicine and Specialist Colleges Compare Notes on Medicine's Unwritten Lessons This episode was first released on May 26, 2026 On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam sits down with Chris Watling and Mike Allan (the CEOs of Canada's two national medical colleges) to unpack the hidden curriculum in medicine. Together, they explore how subtle signals in our learning and working environments shape identity, influence career pathways, and reinforce hierarchies both between and within disciplines. From the loss of shared spaces like physician lounges, to structural pressures such as competition for residents and fragmented training pathways, to the powerful role of public narratives, the conversation examines how these forces quietly sculpt our professional culture. Chris and Mike reflect on their own professional experiences, the impacts felt by learners in both family and specialty practice, and what it might take to move toward a more respectful, connected, and collaborative medical community. Length of Episode: 38:11 Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • August 4 · 41 min

    2026 Summer Rewind #3

    [38] AI and Emerging Skill Gaps: Deskilling, Never‑Skilling, Mis‑Skilling—and What Educators Can Do About It All This episode was first released on March 17, 2026 In this episode, Adam sits down with Dr. Raja-Elie Abdulnour to explore how AI is reshaping medical education and why it has the potential to quietly erode clinical reasoning. They discuss the emerging risks of deskilling, never-skilling, and mis-skilling, and how AI can widen gaps between high-performing and low-performing learners. Raja-Elie introduces the DEFT-AI framework, a practical approach for turning AI-assisted moments into teaching opportunities that strengthen, rather than outsource clinical judgment. Their conversation highlights both the promise of AI and the need to help learners use it wisely so we do not lose the core of what it means to be a medical expert. Length of episode: 41:30 Resources to check out: - https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra2503232 https://www.ynharari.com/book/nexus/ Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • July 21 · 35 min

    2026 Summer Rewind #2

    [32] Designing Learning That Learns: The Promise of Precision Medical Education This episode was first released on January 06, 2026 In this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam speaks with Dr. Sanjay Desai to explore the concept of precision education in medical training. They discuss how data and technology can personalize medical education, making it more efficient and tailored to individual learner needs. Sanjay emphasizes the importance of using data to assess learner performance and the need for a shift in power towards learners, allowing them greater agency in their education. The conversation also touches on the foundational principles of precision education, the challenges of implementing these innovations, and the balance between fostering innovation and ensuring trust in medical education. Length of episode: 35:28 Contact Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • July 7 · 48 min

    2026 Summer Rewind #1

    [28] Cookies, Charisma & Bias: Exploring the Hidden Consequences and Impact of Teaching Evaluations This episode was first released on November 11, 2025 Description In this episode, Adam (and resident guest co-host Mario Corrado) speak with Dr. Lynfa Stroud about the complexities of teaching evaluations in medical education. They discuss some of the biases that influence evaluations, the unintended consequences that can arise, and the delicate power dynamics between learners and educators. Their conversation underscores the need for a more nuanced, supportive approach to assessing teaching quality - one that moves beyond student ratings to foster genuine growth and development in medical education. Length of episode: 48:34 Resources to check out How Teacher Evaluations Broke the University "We give them all A's, and they give us all fives." By Rose Horowitch https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2025/09/teacher-evaluations-grade-inflation/684185/ The Doctor Fox Lecture: A Paradigm of Educational Seduction Donald H. Naftulin, M.D., John E. Ware, Jr., and Frank A. Donnelly https://romanfrigg.org/wp-content/uploads/links/Dr_Fox_Lecture.pdf Stroebe, W. (2020). Student Evaluations of Teaching Encourages Poor Teaching and Contributes to Grade Inflation: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 42(4), 276–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2020.1756817 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01973533.2020.1756817 Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • June 24 · 39 min

    [45] The Physician's Next Skill Set: From AI to What Comes Next

    On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam sits down with 'the medical futurist', Dr. Bertalan Meskó, to explore what it means to prepare for the future of medicine in an era currently shaped by artificial intelligence. Using prompt engineering as a starting point, the conversation moves beyond the technical to focus on a deeper shift in how clinicians adapt in the face of rapid change. Together, they examine the risks of over-reliance on AI, the pitfalls of bold predictions, and the enduring role of human connection in healthcare. The discussion ultimately reframes AI not as the destination, but as a tool for helping clinicians prepare for what lies ahead. Length of Episode: 39:23 Resources to check out: Meskó B. Prompt Engineering as an Important Emerging Skill for Medical Professionals: Tutorial. J Med Internet Res. 2023 Oct 4;25:e50638. Episode 38 AI and Emerging Skill Gaps: Deskilling, Never-Skilling, Mis-Skilling – and What Educators Can Do About It All Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • June 9 · 30 min

    [44] Formative, Not Performative: Rethinking Teaching Evaluations to Help Teachers Grow

    Clinical teaching happens in real time, but feedback about that teaching does not. Too often, feedback shows up late, feels vague, or never arrives at all, especially for the everyday teaching that happens on shift, in the hallway, or at the bedside. Adam speaks with Dr. Esther Bui about why that gap persists, and what it might look like to close it. Esther shares what led her team to build myTE, an app-based tool designed to capture in-the-moment teaching feedback. Together, they explore what traditional evaluation systems tend to miss, why authentic quality feedback is so important, and how trust and psychological safety shape the experience. Length of Episode: 30:27 Resources to check out: Halani S, Kumar SS, Lim DY, Hefferon D, Prakash V, Kumagai AK, Bui E. "In-the-moment" feedback: a novel app for clinical teaching evaluations. Can Med Educ J. 2025 Nov 6;16(5):86-88. Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • May 26 · 38 min

    [43] The Hidden Curriculum Exposed: When the CEOs of Canada's Family Medicine and Specialist Colleges Compare Notes on Medicine's Unwritten Lessons

    On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam sits down with Chris Watling and Mike Allan (the CEOs of Canada's two national medical colleges) to unpack the hidden curriculum in medicine. Together, they explore how subtle signals in our learning and working environments shape identity, influence career pathways, and reinforce hierarchies both between and within disciplines. From the loss of shared spaces like physician lounges, to structural pressures such as competition for residents and fragmented training pathways, to the powerful role of public narratives, the conversation examines how these forces quietly sculpt our professional culture. Chris and Mike reflect on their own professional experiences, the impacts felt by learners in both family and specialty practice, and what it might take to move toward a more respectful, connected, and collaborative medical community. Length of Episode: 38:11 Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • May 12 · 32 min

    [42] La Concordance de Script et la Formation par Concordance : Des origines aux nouvelles applications

    Dans cet épisode de KeyLIME+, Adam s'entretient avec le Dr Bernard Charlin à propos de la théorie de la concordance de script, une approche permettant de comprendre et d'évaluer le raisonnement clinique dans des contextes médicaux incertains et complexes. Ils explorent comment le test de concordance de script saisit certaines des nuances de la prise de décision en situation réelle en analysant la manière dont les cliniciens ajustent leur réflexion face à de nouvelles informations. Ils approfondissent également comment cette approche va au-delà de l'évaluation pour devenir un puissant outil d'apprentissage, offrant une rétroaction personnalisée qui remet en question les hypothèses et aiguise le jugement clinique. Bernard partage aussi ses réflexions sur l'impact étendu de ce test dans différentes spécialités ainsi que sur la manière dont les technologies émergentes, comme l'intelligence artificielle, pourraient en façonner l'avenir. Episode Length: 32:29 Resources to check out: Hudon A, Phan V, Charlin B, Wittmer R. Teaching Clinical Reasoning in Health Care Professions Learners Using AI-Generated Script Concordance Tests: Mixed Methods Formative Evaluation. JMIR Form Res. 2025 Nov 20;9:e76618. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41264864/ Bernard Charlin, Jacques Tardif, Henny P A Boshuizen, Scripts and Medical Diagnostic Knowledge: Theory and Applications for Clinical Reasoning Instruction and Research, Academic Medicine, Volume 75, Issue 2, February 2000, Pages 182–190 Scripts and Medical Diagnostic Knowledge | Academic Medicine | Oxford Academic Contact Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • April 28 · 37 min

    [41] Thinking Beyond the Patient: Planetary Health in Medical Education

    On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam and guest resident co-host Julia Sawatzky speak with Dr. Bhavini Gohel to explore the intersection of planetary health and medical education, highlighting how climate change impacts healthcare and what physicians can do to help. Together, they unpack what planetary health really means, why it has become an important issue for clinicians and educators, and how it shows up in everyday practice. The conversation also explores how medical training can meaningfully integrate planetary health without adding burden, and what this can mean for the future roles of physicians as educators, advocates, and system stewards. Episode Length: 37:13 Contact us Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • April 14 · 36 min

    [40] Mentorship Matters: Turning Potential into Performance in Medical Education

    In this episode, Adam speaks with Dr. Ruth Gotian about the critical role of mentorship in cultivating high-performance individuals. Drawing on her research on elite performers - including Nobel laureates, Olympic athletes, and successful physicians - Ruth highlights how success can be nurtured through intrinsic motivation, resilience, and supportive mentoring relationships. The discussion explores distinctions between mentorship and sponsorship, the powerful impact of mentorship on reducing burnout, and offers practical strategies for medical educators to enhance their own mentorship practices. Length of episode: 36.39 Resources to check out Ruth's new book, "Mentoring in Healthcare: The Definitive Guide to Cultivating Individual and Organizational Success": https://mentoringinhealthcare.com/ ; https://amzn.to/4q0QFqC Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • March 31 · 47 min

    [39] From the Sidelines to the Bedside: What Medical Education Can Learn from Coaching and Feedback in Sports

    On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam sits down with Drs. Victor Do and Cory Rohlfsen, both medical educators and former competitive athletes, to explore how lessons from high-performance sports coaching can inform feedback and coaching in medical education. Victor and Cory share firsthand insights about the culture of feedback in sports, where direct, real-time, and goal-oriented coaching is not only expected but embraced. They contrast this with the challenges faced in medical education, where feedback can sometimes feel less immediate, less authentic, and complicated by multiple competing factors. Together, they discuss the crucial role of trust, shared goals, and direct observation in making feedback meaningful and how these elements might be better integrated into medical education to support learner growth and ultimately improve patient care. Length of episode: 47:17 Resources to check: Learning culture and feedback: an international study of medical athletes and musicians https://asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/medu.12407 Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • March 17 · 41 min

    [38] AI and Emerging Skill Gaps: Deskilling, Never‑Skilling, Mis‑Skilling—and What Educators Can Do About It All

    In this episode, Adam sits down with Dr. Raja-Elie Abdulnour to explore how AI is reshaping medical education and why it has the potential to quietly erode clinical reasoning. They discuss the emerging risks of deskilling, never-skilling, and mis-skilling, and how AI can widen gaps between high-performing and low-performing learners. Raja-Elie introduces the DEFT-AI framework, a practical approach for turning AI-assisted moments into teaching opportunities that strengthen, rather than outsource clinical judgment. Their conversation highlights both the promise of AI and the need to help learners use it wisely so we do not lose the core of what it means to be a medical expert. Length of episode: 41:30 Resources to check out: - https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra2503232 https://www.ynharari.com/book/nexus/ Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • March 3 · 18 min

    [36] Specialty Café: Brewing Careers, One Conversation at a Time

    This episode of KeyLIME+ highlights Specialty Café, a sister Royal College podcast that focuses on conversational storytelling to support medical students exploring specialty choice. Through informal discussions with physicians from a wide range of specialties, host Cameron Wong speaks with Adam about how the Specialty Café podcast offers insights into training pathways, daily practice, challenges, and personal reflections that are often absent from traditional career guidance. Length of episode: 18:59 Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • March 3 · 17 min

    [37] Café des spécialités : Infuser des idées de carrière, une conversation à la fois

    Cet épisode de KeyLIME+ présente le Café des spécialités, un balado du Collège royal dans lequel des médecins témoignent sur le ton de la conversation pour aider les étudiant·es en médecine à choisir une spécialité. Christina Toma, animateur du balado, explique à Adam que le Café des spécialités offre un aperçu des parcours de formation, de la pratique quotidienne, des défis et des réflexions personnelles de médecins de différentes spécialités, des aspects souvent absents des ressources traditionnelles d'orientation professionnelle. Length of episode: 17:20 Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • February 17 · 44 min

    [35] From What You Say to How You Say It: Unlocking the Human Element of Simulation-Based Education

    In this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam and guest resident co-host Charlie Irwin speak with Gerry Gormley about getting simulation right in medical education. They discuss the importance of micro communication skills in creating psychologically safe learning environments, the shared responsibility of educators and learners in fostering safety, and the balance between challenge and support in simulation training. They emphasize the need for educators to hone their communication skills to better engage learners and prepare them for real-world challenges. Length of episode: 44:23 Resources to check out Goffman E. The presentation of self in everyday life. New York: Anchor Books. 1959 Gormley, G., & Nestel, D. (2025). Not just 'what you say' but 'how you say it': co-creating psychological safety through micro-communication skills in simulation-based education. Journal of Healthcare Simulation. Not just 'what you say' but 'how you say it': co-creating psychological safety through micro-communication skills in simulation-based education Episode 30 of KeyLIME+ [30] Less Tech, More Training: Simplifying Simulation for Busy Healthcare Teams https://keylimepodcast.libsyn.com/30-less-tech-more-training-simplifying-simulation-for-busy-healthcare-teams Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • February 3 · 41 min

    [34] KeyLIME+ live at ICRE Part 2: Building Trust, Fostering Growth, and Strengthening Connection with AI in Medical Education

    In this second half of our special two-part episode of KeyLIME+, recorded live in Quebec City at the International Conference on Residency Education, Adam is joined by resident co-host Dr. Rory Clarke and guests Drs. Kimberly Lomis and Martin Pusic to explore how AI is transforming medical education. They discuss how AI is reshaping trust, connection, and growth in residency education, including its potential to enhance personal connections, mentorship, and personalized learning. Along the way, they share practical strategies educators can use to strike the right balance between innovation and human-centredness. Length of episode: 42:24 Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • January 20 · 30 min

    [33] KeyLIME+ live at ICRE Part 1: Building Trust, Fostering Growth, and Strengthening Connection with AI in Medical Education

    In this first half of our special two-part episode of KeyLIME+, recorded live in Quebec City at the International Conference on Residency Education, Adam is joined by resident co-host Dr. Rory Clarke and guests Drs. Kimberly Lomis and Martin Pusic to explore how AI is transforming medical education. They discuss how AI is reshaping trust, connection, and growth in residency education, including its potential to enhance personal connections, mentorship, and personalized learning. Along the way, they share practical strategies educators can use to strike the right balance between innovation and human-centredness. Length of episode: 30:46 Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

  • January 6 · 35 min

    [32] Designing Learning That Learns: The Promise of Precision Medical Education

    In this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam speaks with Dr. Sanjay Desai to explore the concept of precision education in medical training. They discuss how data and technology can personalize medical education, making it more efficient and tailored to individual learner needs. Sanjay emphasizes the importance of using data to assess learner performance and the need for a shift in power towards learners, allowing them greater agency in their education. The conversation also touches on the foundational principles of precision education, the challenges of implementing these innovations, and the balance between fostering innovation and ensuring trust in medical education. Length of episode: 35:28 Contact Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski

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