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Interpreting India

Carnegie India

In Season 5 of Interpreting India, we continue our exploration of the dynamic forces that will shape India's global standing. At Carnegie India, our diverse lineup of experts will host critical discussions at the intersection of technology, the economy, and international security. Join us as we navigate the complexities of geopolitical shifts and rapid technological advancements. This season promises insightful conversations and fresh perspectives on the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.

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24 episodes
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Avg 46 min
English

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S5 · E52
Thursday · 51 min
Nuclear Weapons in Space
In this episode of Interpreting India, Tejas Bharadwaj, senior research analyst at Carnegie India, speaks with Vipin Narang, Frank Stanton Professor of Nuclear Security and Political Science and director of the Center for Nuclear Security Policy at MIT, on the security implications of placing a nuclear weapon in orbit, why verification is so hard, and what space security means for India and the U.S. This episode explores: • How has military competition in space changed over the last decade, par
S5 · E51
October 15 · 34 min
India, China, and the U.S. in the Age of the Technology Race
In this episode of Interpreting India, Dinakar Peri speaks with Vince Cable, former member of Parliament and leader of the Liberal Democrats, and author of Eclipsing the West: China, India and the Forging of a New World, on where the global order is headed, what India’s rise means for the rest of the world, and what trusted partnerships look like in an era of technological competition. This episode explores: • Cable’s book presents three possible scenarios for the global order—an expanded West
S5 · E50
August 27 · 45 min
Subsea Cables, AI Infrastructure, and Africa's Connectivity Gap
In this episode of Interpreting India, Charukeshi Bhatt speaks with Jane Munga, fellow with the Africa Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, on the subsea cable landscape in Africa. With the continent now home to around 77 submarine cables and one of the fastest growing AI infrastructure markets in the world, the conversation moves beyond the headline investment numbers to ask harder questions: who benefits, who governs, and what does resilience actually look like when the c
S5 · E49
August 13 · 49 min
India, Australia, and the Critical Minerals Opportunity
In this episode of Interpreting India, Shruti Mittal, research analyst at Carnegie India, speaks with Professor Mohan Yellishetty of Monash University on the India-Australia critical minerals partnership, what it has delivered so far, and where the two countries can build the most meaningful cooperation over the next decade. This episode explores: • How have India and Australia's mineral positions evolved individually over the last few years, and where do their trajectories stand today when vie
S5 · E48
July 10 · 33 min
Chokepoints, Economic Warfare and India's Strategic Options
In this episode of Interpreting India, Konark Bhandari, speaks with Edward Fishman, author of Chokepoints: American Power in the Age of Economic Warfare, on economic statecraft, how the U.S. built its playbook for economic warfare over time, and what the lessons are for India as it looks to build its own economic resilience. This episode explores: • What makes something a genuine choke point, and is there a playbook that other countries can actually replicate? • Why were China's rare earth expo
S5 · E47
July 2 · 33 min
India's AI Ambitions and the Road to Viksit Bharat | AI Summit Special
In this episode of Interpreting India, Nidhi Singh, speaks with Debjani Ghosh, Distinguished Fellow at NITI Aayog and Chief Architect of the NITI Frontier Tech Hub. With nearly three decades across Intel, NASSCOM, and now NITI Aayog, Debjani brings a perspective that is both deeply practical and genuinely optimistic. She co-chaired the working group on AI for Economic Growth and Social Good at the India AI Impact Summit, and in this conversation she reflects on what the summit delivered, what In
S5 · E46
June 19 · 40 min
Did India's AI Summit Get Safety Right? AI Summit Special
In this episode of Interpreting India, Nidhi Singh, Associate Fellow at Carnegie India, speaks with Professor Balaraman Ravindran, Head of the Department of Data Science and AI at IIT Madras, and Co-Chair of the Safe and Trusted AI Working Group at the India AI Impact Summit. Since the summit, Professor Ravindran has also been appointed to the UN's Independent International Scientific Panel on AI. There is a narrative that has taken hold since the summit, that India moved away from safety and le
S5 · E45
June 4 · 46 min
Subsea Cables, Trusted Networks, and India's Strategic Opportunity
In this episode of Interpreting India, Charukeshi Bhatt speaks with Pooja Bhatt, associate professor, Jindal School of International Affairs, O.P. Jindal University, on a piece of infrastructure that is easy to overlook and very difficult to protect: subsea cables. Stretching over 1.5 million kilometres across ocean floors and carrying nearly 99% of global data traffic, these cables underpin everything from financial systems and cloud infrastructure to the everyday digital services that billions
S5 · E44
May 26 · 44 min
AI Literacy and the Future of Work in India
In this episode of Interpreting India, Adarsh Ranjan, research analyst at Carnegie India, speaks with Jaspreet Bindra, founder of AI&Beyond and Tech Whisperer Limited, UK, and author of 'Winning with AI: Your Guide to AI Literacy.' Jaspreet brings a practitioner's perspective to questions that often get lost in the noise around AI: not just what is changing, but whether people, organizations, and policymakers are actually prepared for it. This episode explores: Is India's enthusiasm for AI actu
S5 · E43
May 15 · 28 min
Can AI Resources Be Democratized? AI Summit Special
In this episode of Interpreting India, Nidhi Singh, associate fellow at Carnegie India, speaks with Saurabh Garg, secretary at the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India, who chaired the working group on democratizing AI resources at the India AI Impact Summit. The working group brought together over 30 countries and several international organizations to tackle a fundamental question: how do you make the foundational resources for AI, compute, data, models, and
S5 · E42
May 7 · 1 hr 7 min
Space Security in the Age of AI
In this episode of Interpreting India, Tejas Bharadwaj is joined by Almudena Azcárate Ortega, senior program analyst at Secure World Foundation, for a wide-ranging conversation on how emerging technologies, particularly AI, are reshaping the landscape of space security. A space lawyer and policy scholar with deep experience in multilateral processes, Almudena brings both technical nuance and diplomatic realism to questions that most space conversations still treat as hypothetical. This episode
S5 · E41
April 30 · 48 min
An African Perspective for Building AI for Global South | AI Summit Special
In this episode of Interpreting India, Nidhi Singh is joined by Raymond Ononiwu, founder and CEO of Horus Labs, for a conversation that cuts through the noise around compute, data centres, and AI infrastructure to ask a more fundamental question: who is this all actually being built for? Raymond brings the perspective of someone building AI infrastructure on the ground in Africa, and his account of what the global AI conversation is still getting wrong is both practical and pointed. This episod
S5 · E40
April 23 · 51 min
The India-EU Trade Deal: What It Delivers and What It Doesn't
In this episode of Interpreting India, Vrinda Sahai is joined by Nicolas Köhler-Suzuki, Advisor for Trade and Economic Security at the Jacques Delors Institute, for a detailed conversation on the India-EU Free Trade Agreement. After decades of slow-moving negotiations, both sides have arrived at what is shaping up to be the most ambitious trade deal India has ever signed. Nicolas unpacks what is in the agreement, what is missing, and what its success will depend on in the years ahead. What fina
S5 · E39
April 16 · 54 min
From Bletchley Park to Delhi and What Comes Next | AI Summit Special
In this episode of Interpreting India, Nidhi Singh is joined by Mariano-Florentino (Tino) Cuéllar, President of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and one of the very few people to have attended all four global AI summits, from Bletchley Park to Delhi. The conversation traces the arc of AI summit diplomacy, what has been accomplished, where the gaps remain, and what the process reveals about how different parts of the world are thinking about a technology that is moving faster than a
S5 · E38
March 31 · 42 min
Data, AI, and the Laws Trying to Keep Up
In this episode of Interpreting India, Nidhi Singh is joined by Nikhil Narendran, Partner at Trilegal, for a conversation on two of the most pressing issues shaping India's digital future: data protection and AI governance. From the nuts and bolts of India's Digital Personal Data Protection Act to deeper questions about regulating artificial intelligence, Nikhil brings the perspective of a technology lawyer who is not just advising on these issues but actively living them. Is the DPDP Act reall
S5 · E37
March 25 · 1 hr 8 min
Inside the Iran Conflict: Power, Strategy, and India’s Balancing Act
In this episode of Interpreting India, Srinath Raghavan speaks with Gaddam Dharmendra, Nonresident Senior Fellow, Carnegie India and India’s former Ambassador to Iran about the ongoing U.S.-Israel conflict with Iran and what it means for the region. The conversation looks at Iran’s response to sustained attacks, the wider impact on energy markets and regional stability, and the changing relationships between Iran, the Gulf countries, and global powers. It also reflects on India’s position as it
S5 · E36
February 26 · 53 min
Recalibrating BRICS: India’s Moment in a Fragmented World
In this episode of Interpreting India, Vrinda Sahai is joined by Ana Garcia, Associate Professor at PUC-Rio and Coordinator at the BRICS Policy Center, to discuss the evolving direction of BRICS as India assumes the 2026 presidency. The conversation reflects on Brazil’s 2025 chairship, the bloc’s continued focus on reforming global financial governance, and the cautious progress on issues such as local currency trade, financial coordination, and institutional reform. Ana Garcia also highlights t
S5 · E35
February 3 · 36 min
Deciphering the “Mother of All Trade Deals”: The India–EU FTA
In this episode of Interpreting India, Dinakar Peri is joined by Mohan Kumar, former Indian Ambassador to France and a veteran trade negotiator, to unpack the newly concluded India–EU Free Trade Agreement and why he describes it as the “mother of all trade deals” for India. Kumar explains why the agreement is strategically significant, why the timing matters, and what it signals about India’s trade posture, competitiveness, and broader alignment between trade, technology, and security. Why is t
S5 · E34
January 30 · 46 min
AI Adoption Journey for Population Scale: The UCAF Framework
In this episode of Interpreting India, Nidhi Singh is joined by Shalini Kapoor, chief strategist for Data and AI at the EkStep Foundation, and Tanvi Lall, director for strategy at People+ai. They unpack why so many AI initiatives get stuck after impressive demos, and what it takes to move from pilots to real, sustained adoption. Drawing on research spanning 1,000+ use cases across 25 countries, the guests introduce the Use Case Adoption Framework (UCAF) and explain how India can translate AI amb
S4 · E33
Nov 21, 2025 · 45 min
Scarcity, Sovereignty, Strategy: Mapping the Political Geography of AI Compute
In this episode of Interpreting India, Adarsh Ranjan is joined by Zoe Jay Hawkins, co-founder and deputy executive director of the Tech Policy Design Institute. They explore the evolving idea of AI sovereignty, the geopolitics of compute, and how countries are navigating access to the foundational infrastructure that powers artificial intelligence. Drawing from her research at the Oxford Internet Institute, Zoe unpacks the political geography of AI compute, the rising concentration of AI chips a

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