Defending Freedom

Combs Waterkotte

Defending Freedom is a podcast with Missouri attorneys Chris Combs and Steve Waterkotte that dives into the world of criminal defense, justice, and the critical issues affecting individual rights. Hosted by experienced criminal defense attorneys, each episode explores real cases, legal strategies, and the challenges faced by those coming face-to-face with the justice system. With expert insights, powerful stories, and practical advice, Defending Freedom aims to educate and empower listeners on the rights of those charged with crimes and the importance of defending personal freedoms.

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October 14 · 2 min
Did Lindsay Clancy Get a Fair Trial?
Did Lindsay Clancy actually get a fair trial? Her trial ended with a mistrial after seven days of deliberations, but what jurors are now saying raises some serious questions. According to jurors who have spoken publicly, the jury was split 11–1 in favor of finding Clancy not guilty by reason of insanity. Even more controversial, the foreperson says the lone holdout acknowledged having reasonable doubt but still refused to change his position. The defense tried to have the judge investigate or remove the holdout juror, arguing that he wasn't properly applying the reasonable-doubt standard. The judge declined, finding insufficient indication that the juror was refusing to follow the law. So was this simply how the jury system is supposed to work, or did one juror prevent Lindsay Clancy from receiving the verdict the evidence supported? We break down what happened inside the jury room, the 11–1 split, and why the question of whether Lindsay Clancy received a fair trial isn't going away. Criminal Defense Lawyer in St. Louis, MO Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity Defense in Missouri and Illinois The Role of Mental Health in Criminal Defense Cases What Happens During the Trial Stage of a Criminal Case in Missouri Understanding Criminal Appeals in Missouri Criminal Appeals Lawyer in St. Louis, MO Murder and Homicide Lawyer in St. Louis, MO How Criminal Cases Get Started
October 14 · 24 min
Former Police Officer: Don't Trust the Police
What do police officers really think during traffic stops, interrogations, and criminal investigations? Former police officer and correctional officer Andrew Skoklo pulls back the curtain on what actually happens behind the badge. From how officers can tell when someone may be lying to the interrogation tactics police are legally allowed to use, Andrew shares firsthand experiences from his career in law enforcement. He also explains why talking too much can be one of the biggest mistakes an innocent person makes, why detectives intentionally ask questions they already know the answers to, what officers are looking for during a traffic stop, and why he says, “Don’t trust the police.” The conversation goes far beyond traffic stops and interrogations. Andrew discusses police cooperation with ICE, criminal investigations, mistakes made by law enforcement, prison gangs, drug trafficking, crime scenes, wrongful accusations, and some of the most disturbing situations he encountered working inside the criminal justice system. Can you trust the police when you’re being investigated? Hear what a former officer has to say before you answer. Criminal Defense Lawyer in St. Louis, MO Dos and Don'ts When Interacting With the Police Know Your Legal Rights When It Comes to Law Enforcement in Missouri Probable Cause, Police Searches, and the Fourth Amendment in Missouri What to Do If You're Wanted for Questioning in Missouri Can Police Search My Phone? What to Do After You're Arrested in St. Louis: A Step-by-Step Legal Guide The Complete Guide to Criminal Defense in Missouri
October 13 · 2 min
How Police Know When You're Lying
Think you can lie to a police officer without them noticing? Experienced officers and investigators spend years talking to suspects, witnesses, victims, and people trying to hide something. And sometimes, it’s not the lie itself that gives someone away, it’s what happens around it. Changing details. Overexplaining simple questions. A story that sounds almost too rehearsed. Details that don’t match the evidence. Or a completely different answer when the same question is asked another way. A former police officer and investigator explains the behaviors that can make cops suspicious, how investigators test whether a story holds up, and why trying too hard to look believable can sometimes have the opposite effect. Police aren’t human lie detectors—but once they think something doesn’t add up, your own story may be what exposes you. Criminal Defense Attorney in St. Louis, MO Miranda Rights in Missouri and Illinois Fifth Amendment Rights in Missouri and Illinois What to Do If You're Wanted for Questioning in Missouri Dos and Don'ts When Interacting With the Police Police Interrogation, Arrest, and Booking Know Your Legal Rights When It Comes to Law Enforcement in Missouri If I'm Innocent, Do I Still Need a Criminal Defense Attorney?
October 13 · 50 min
Former Police Officer Answers the Internet’s Most Asked Questions
Former police officer, corrections officer, Navy veteran, and investigator Andrew Skoklo answers some of the internet’s most-asked questions about police, prison, crime, and what actually happens behind the badge. Can cops tell when you’re lying? What’s the #1 mistake people make during a traffic stop? What should you NEVER say after getting arrested? Do police officers treat other cops differently? What happens when a bodycam doesn’t match the police report? And does seeing your first dea* body change you? After years of working in law enforcement, corrections, and criminal investigations, Andrew gives his perspective on the questions people have always wanted to ask a cop. No scripted police answers. Just real stories, experiences, and opinions from someone who spent years on the inside. Criminal Defense Attorney in St. Louis Unlawful Search and Seizure Lawyer in St. Louis, MO Probable Cause, Police Searches, and the Fourth Amendment Criminal Law Guides Criminal Defense Lawyer in St. Louis Criminal Defense Practice Areas Felony DWI Lawyer in St. Louis
October 12 · 10 min
Criminal Defense Lawyer Basics in Missouri
Missouri criminal defense attorneys Christopher Combs, Matthew Brown, and Martell Turner from Combs Waterkotte recently sat down to discuss all things criminal defense. In this video, they go over twelve of the most common questions related to criminal defense and the role of your lawyer. Do I need a criminal defense attorney in Missouri? When should I hire a criminal defense lawyer in Missouri? What does a criminal defense attorney do in Missouri? How can a criminal defense lawyer help me? What's the difference between a public defender and a private attorney? Should I hire a lawyer before talking to police? Can a lawyer stop detectives from questioning me? What should I look for in a Missouri criminal defense attorney? How do I choose the best criminal defense lawyer in Missouri? What questions should I ask a criminal defense attorney during a consultation? What is a free consultation, and what should I bring? Can I change lawyers in the middle of a criminal case? Combs Waterkotte Criminal Defense Firm Domestic Violence Lawyer in St. Louis, MO Drug Charges and Possession Lawyer in St Louis Gun Charges Lawyer in St. Louis Felony Lawyer in St. Louis Juvenile Crimes Lawyer in St. Louis Misdemeanor Lawyer in St. Louis Sex Crimes Lawyer in St. Louis Violent Crimes Lawyer in St. Louis If you've been charged with a crime in St. Louis or anywhere in Missouri, give us a call at 314-900-HELP or fill out our online contact form: Contact us
October 12 · 20 min
Missouri Criminal Court Process
Missouri criminal defense attorneys Christopher Combs, Matthew Brown, and Martell Turner from Combs Waterkotte recently sat down to discuss all things criminal defense. In this video, they discuss Missouri investigative procedure and how to handle law enforcement contacts. Combs Waterkotte Criminal Defense Firm Criminal Defense Lawyer in St. Louis, MO Felony Lawyer in St. Louis Misdemeanor Lawyer in St. Louis DWI/DUI Lawyer in St. Louis Drug Charges and Possession Lawyer in St. Louis Gun Charges Lawyer in St. Louis Domestic Violence Lawyer in St. Louis If you've been charged with a crime in St. Louis or anywhere in Missouri, give us a call at 314-900-HELP or fill out our online contact form: Contact us
October 9 · 10 min
Missouri Arrests, Police Contact, and Investigations
Missouri Arrests, Police Contact, and Investigations. Missouri criminal defense attorneys Christopher Combs, Matthew Brown, and Martell Turner from Combs Waterkotte recently sat down to discuss all things criminal defense. In this video, they discuss Missouri investigative procedure and how to handle law enforcement contacts. Combs Waterkotte Criminal Defense Firm Domestic Violence Lawyer in St. Louis, MO Drug Charges and Possession Lawyer in St Louis Gun Charges Lawyer in St. Louis Gun Charges Lawyer in St. Louis Felony Lawyer in St. Louis Juvenile Crimes Lawyer in St. Louis Misdemeanor Lawyer in St. Louis Orders of Protection Lawyer St. Louis, MO Probation Violations in St. Louis Sex Crimes Lawyer in St. Louis Violent Crimes Lawyer in St. Louis If you've been charged with a crime in St. Louis or anywhere in Missouri, give us a call at 314-900-HELP or fill out our online contact form: Contact us
Nov 19, 2025 · 9 min
Conspiracy Defense Lawyer in Missouri
Conspiracy Defense Lawyer serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and ALL of Missouri. Combs Waterkotte is the leading Conspiracy Defense Law Firm serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and the entire state of Missouri. Conspiracy Defense Lawyer in Missouri #Conspiracy #lawyer #attorney #defense #missouri #stlouis #kansascity If you’re under investigation or already facing conspiracy charges in Missouri, the stakes couldn’t be higher. Combs Waterkotte is a leading Missouri criminal defense law firm with decades of experience handling complex conspiracy and white-collar crime allegations. We deliver strategic, aggressive defense with a long track record of successful outcomes. Conspiracy Lawyer in Missouri Even if no crime was completed, a conspiracy charge in Missouri can result in serious penalties. At Combs Waterkotte, we provide aggressive, strategic defense for individuals accused of conspiracy to commit white-collar, drug, or violent crimes in state or federal court. Our experienced St. Louis criminal defense attorneys know how to dismantle weak prosecution claims and protect your rights from the moment an investigation begins. Understanding Conspiracy Charges in Missouri Conspiracy is broadly defined as an agreement between two or more people to commit an unlawful act. Under Missouri law and federal statutes, you can be charged with conspiracy even if the alleged crime was never completed. All the prosecution needs to prove is: You agreed with at least one other person to commit a crime One party took a “substantial step” toward committing that crime Examples of a “substantial step” include gathering materials, scouting a location, or communicating about the plan. You don’t have to directly participate in the crime to face charges — which makes conspiracy cases highly subjective and open to aggressive defense tactics. Common Conspiracy Offenses We Defend Our criminal defense lawyers have experience with conspiracy charges tied to a wide range of alleged offenses, including: White-Collar Crimes: Bank fraud, securities fraud, wire fraud Drug trafficking or distribution Armed robbery or assault Racketeering or RICO-related offenses Sex trafficking or exploitation Obstruction of justice or perjury Because conspiracy charges often involve federal investigation and surveillance, our legal team understands how to challenge electronic evidence, cooperating witness testimony, and vague statements used to claim a “criminal agreement.” Related Federal Defense Pages Federal Crimes Lawyer in Missouri Federal Drug Charges Lawyer in Missouri Federal Drug Trafficking Lawyer in Missouri Federal Embezzlement Lawyer in Missouri Federal Espionage and National Security Violations Lawyer in Missouri Federal Human Trafficking Lawyer in Missouri Federal Immigration Fraud Defense Lawyer in Missouri Federal Internet, Computer & Cyber Crimes Lawyer in Missouri Federal Kidnapping Lawyer in Missouri Federal RICO Charges Lawyer in Missouri Federal Weapons and Firearm Offenses Lawyer in Missouri Federal White Collar Crimes Lawyer in Missouri Federal Wire Fraud Lawyer in Missouri
Nov 19, 2025 · 12 min
Federal Check and Credit Card Fraud Defense Lawyer in Missouri
Federal Check and Credit Card Fraud Defense Lawyer serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and ALL of Missouri. Combs Waterkotte is the leading Federal Check and Credit Card Fraud Law firm serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and the entire state of Missouri. Federal Check and Credit Card Fraud Defense Lawyer in Missouri #federal #lawyer #attorney #defense #missouri #stlouis #kansascity #wirefraud Federal check and credit card fraud cases are more common than most people realize, and often prosecuted harshly by the U.S. government. Combs Waterkotte’s Missouri federal check and credit card fraud attorneys defend individuals facing access device fraud, bank fraud, and identity theft charges across both the Eastern and Western Districts of Missouri. If you’re under investigation or already charged, our team is ready to protect your rights. What Is Federal Check and Credit Card Fraud? Federal check and credit card fraud refers to the unlawful use of financial instruments, such as checks, credit cards, debit cards, or account numbers, to obtain money, goods, or services by deceit. These crimes become federal offenses when they involve interstate commerce, the U.S. mail, or electronic systems like the internet. Credit card fraud may involve using a stolen or counterfeit card, trafficking in card numbers, or unauthorized use of access devices. Check fraud may include altering checks, using forged or stolen checks, or depositing fraudulent checks into personal or business accounts. Prosecutors don’t have to prove you personally stole a card or wrote a fake check, only that you used or possessed fraudulent instruments with the intent to defraud. Even minor losses or Missouri-only conduct can trigger federal charges if they involve federally regulated systems. Is credit card fraud a federal felony? Yes. Most federal cases are charged as felonies, often carrying 10–20 years in prison, depending on the facts and prior history. What is the federal law for credit card fraud? The key statute is 18 U.S.C. § 1029, which prohibits various forms of access device fraud. Additional statutes cover bank fraud, wire fraud, and unauthorized card use across state lines. 18 U.S.C. § 1029 – Access Device Fraud: Covers use, trafficking, and possession of counterfeit or unauthorized cards, numbers, or codes with intent to defraud. 18 U.S.C. § 1344 – Bank Fraud: Involves attempts to defraud a financial institution or obtain money from it by false pretenses. 18 U.S.C. § 1343 – Wire Fraud: Applies when fraud is carried out via internet, email, or other wire communications. 15 U.S. Code § 1644 – Fraudulent Use of Credit Cards: Covers the transport or use of credit cards obtained through fraud, theft, or other illegal means across state lines or through interstate commerce. Related Federal Defense Pages Federal Crimes Lawyer Missouri Federal Drug Charges Lawyer in Missouri Federal Drug Trafficking Lawyer in Missouri Federal Embezzlement Lawyer Missouri Federal Espionage and National Security Violations Lawyer in Missouri Federal Human Trafficking Lawyer Missouri Federal Immigration Fraud Defense Lawyer Missouri Federal Internet, Computer & Cyber Crimes Lawyer in Missouri Federal Kidnapping Lawyer in Missouri Federal RICO Charges Lawyer in Missouri Federal Weapons and Firearm Offenses Lawyer Missouri Federal White Collar Crimes Lawyer in Missouri Federal Wire Fraud Lawyer in Missouri
Nov 19, 2025 · 13 min
DWI DUI License Restoration Lawyers in Missouri
DWI DUI License Restoration Lawyers serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and ALL of Missouri. Combs Waterkotte is the leading DWI DUI License Restoration Law Firm serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and the entire state of Missouri. DWI DUI License Restoration Lawyers in Missouri #dwi #dui #license #lawyer #attorney #defense #missouri #stlouis #kansascity Missouri DWI/DUI License Restoration Laws Missouri has stringent DWI/DUI laws designed to enforce strict penalties on those who violate them. Driving is considered a privilege, not a right. Under the Implied Consent Law, if you refuse or fail a sobriety test, your license is automatically suspended for one year. If you take the test and are found over the legal limit, the consequences vary depending on your prior record: First Offense: 30-day license suspension followed by a 60-day restricted driving period. Second Offense: 1-year license revocation and a minimum 6 months with an ignition interlock device (IID). Second Offense (Within 5 Years): 5-year license revocation and a minimum 6 months with an IID. Third Offense: 10-year license revocation and a minimum 6 months with an IID. How to Get Limited Driving Privileges in St. Louis and Missouri If your driver's license has been suspended or revoked due to a DWI/DUI in Missouri, you may be eligible to apply for limited driving privileges (LDP), often called a hardship license. This can allow you to drive for specific purposes such as work, school, or essential daily needs. Steps to obtain Limited Driving Privileges: Eligibility Check: Confirm that you qualify for LDP. Some first-time offenders may be eligible, but habitual offenders or those with recent refusals to submit to a chemical test may be excluded. File a Petition: File a petition with the circuit court in the county where you live, explaining your need for driving privileges. Provide Documentation: Submit proof of financial responsibility (SR-22 insurance) and proof that you have completed or are enrolled in the Substance Abuse Traffic Offender Program (SATOP). Install an Ignition Interlock Device (IID): If required, install an IID in your vehicle. This device prevents the car from starting if alcohol is detected on your breath. Court Hearing: Attend a hearing where a judge reviews your petition. You and your DWI/DUI defense lawyer explain why you need limited privileges and that you are not a danger to public safety. Adhere to Restrictions: If granted, follow all conditions of your limited driving privilege order carefully to avoid further penalties. Ongoing Compliance: Maintain SR-22 insurance and comply with all IID and court requirements for the duration of the order. Restoring Your License After a First-Time DWI/DUI Conviction in Missouri Restoring your driver’s license after a first-time DWI/DUI conviction in Missouri requires completing several mandatory steps. Combs Waterkotte can guide you through each requirement and help you avoid mistakes that delay reinstatement. Mandatory steps to restore your license: Complete SATOP: Enroll in and complete the Substance Abuse Traffic Offender Program (SATOP). Submit SR-22: Obtain and file SR-22 proof of insurance for the required period. Pay Reinstatement Fees: Make sure all fines, court costs, and reinstatement fees are paid in full. Related Missouri DWI/DUI Defense Pages DWI/DUI Lawyer in Missouri DWI First Offense Lawyer in Missouri DWI Second Offense Lawyer in Missouri DWI Accidents Lawyer in Missouri CDL DWI Lawyer in Missouri Felony DWI Lawyer in Missouri Hit and Run DWI Lawyer in Missouri Aggravated DWI Lawyer in Missouri
Nov 19, 2025 · 8 min
Weapon Offense Defense Lawyer in Missouri
Weapon Offense Defense Lawyer serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and ALL of Missouri. Combs Waterkotte is the leading Weapon Offense Defense Law Firm serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and the entire state of Missouri. Weapon Offense Defense Lawyer in Missouri #weapons #lawyer #attorney #defense #missouri #stlouis #kansascity Weapons offenses in Missouri bring steep penalties, harsh prosecutors, and unforgiving public scrutiny. With an experienced defense team, these charges don’t have to define your future. Combs Waterkotte has more than 50 years of combined experience helping clients challenge even the most serious weapons allegations and fight for dismissals, reductions, or not guilty verdicts. Weapons Offenses Lawyer in Missouri Being charged with a weapons offense in Missouri is serious. The consequences can impact your freedom, your job, and the rest of your life. Our attorneys fight aggressively to protect your rights and your future. Weapons Offenses We Defend in Missouri Combs Waterkotte defends clients facing the full range of firearms and weapons charges—from misdemeanors to high-level felonies. Common charges include: Unlawful Use of a Weapon Armed Criminal Action Carrying a Concealed Weapon Without a Permit Possession of a Firearm While Intoxicated Illegal Discharge of a Firearm Unlawful Possession of Certain Weapons Possession of an Illegal Weapon Failure to Report a Shooting Missouri Gun Laws & Penalties Weapons charges in Missouri can result in jail or prison time, expensive fines, and a permanent criminal record. Some offenses come with mandatory minimum sentences. Examples include: Unlawful Use of a Weapon – Class D felony, up to 7 years in prison Armed Criminal Action – Minimum 3 years in prison with no parole Illegal Firearm Possession – Felony charges for individuals with prior felonies or domestic violence convictions Penalties increase if the weapon was used during another crime, if shots were fired, or if the offense occurred in a prohibited area such as a school, courthouse, or government building. How a Combs Waterkotte Weapons Offenses Lawyer Can Help Weapons charges can escalate quickly, and prosecutors often pursue the harshest penalties available. Our defense team: Conducts a deep investigation into the facts of your case Challenges illegal searches, seizures, and weak evidence Negotiates aggressively to reduce or dismiss charges Fights for acquittals at trial when necessary With more than five decades of combined experience, our attorneys work tirelessly to secure the best possible outcome. Related Federal Defense Pages Federal Crimes Lawyer Missouri Federal Drug Charges Lawyer in Missouri Federal Drug Trafficking Lawyer in Missouri Federal Embezzlement Lawyer Missouri Federal Espionage and National Security Violations Lawyer in Missouri Federal Human Trafficking Lawyer Missouri Federal Immigration Fraud Defense Lawyer Missouri Federal Internet, Computer & Cyber Crimes Lawyer in Missouri Federal Kidnapping Lawyer in Missouri Federal RICO Charges Lawyer in Missouri Federal Weapons and Firearm Offenses Lawyer Missouri Federal White Collar Crimes Lawyer in Missouri Federal Wire Fraud Lawyer in Missouri
Nov 19, 2025 · 12 min
Statutory Sodomy Defense Lawyer in Missouri
Statutory Sodomy Defense Lawyer serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and ALL of Missouri. Combs Waterkotte is the leading Statutory Sodomy Defense Law Firm serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and the entire state of Missouri. Statutory Sodomy Defense Lawyer in Missouri #statutory #lawyer #attorney #defense #missouri #stlouis #kansascity Statutory sodomy charges are among the most severe sex crime allegations in Missouri. Convictions carry mandatory sex offender registration, long-term imprisonment, and life-altering consequences. Combs Waterkotte is Missouri’s leading criminal defense and sex crimes law firm. We are available 24/7 to protect your rights. Call (314) 900-HELP now for a confidential consultation. Statutory Sodomy Laws in Missouri Statutory sodomy involves any form of deviate sexual intercourse with a minor under the legal age of consent. Missouri law does not allow consent or mistake of age to serve as valid defenses in most cases. First-Degree Statutory Sodomy – §566.062 RSMo A person commits first-degree statutory sodomy if they engage in deviate sexual intercourse with a child under the age of 14. Penalties include: 5 years to life in prison 10 years to life if the offense is aggravated (victim under 12, use of a weapon, serious injury, incest, or prior sex offense) No parole for offenders classified as predatory or repeat sexual offenders Second-Degree Statutory Sodomy – §566.064 RSMo A person 21 or older commits second-degree statutory sodomy if they engage in deviate sexual intercourse with someone under 17 years old. Penalties include: Class D felony — up to 7 years in prison and fines up to $10,000 What Is “Deviate Sexual Intercourse” Under Missouri Law? Missouri defines deviate sexual intercourse to include: Touching another person’s genitals, mouth, or anus with a hand, mouth, or tongue Penetration, however slight, of the genitals or anus with a finger, object, or instrument Acts performed for sexual arousal, gratification, intimidation, or harm Mandatory Sex Offender Registration Statutory sodomy convictions require lifetime registration as a Tier III sex offender. This includes: Severe employment and housing restrictions Ongoing public listing and monitoring In-person verification every 90 days No Expungement Possible A statutory sodomy conviction cannot be expunged. It remains on your criminal record for life. Related FAQs How Long Does a Sexual Assault Case Take? What Happens During a Sexual Assault Investigation? Can Sex Crime Charges Be Dropped? Do I Need a Lawyer if I’m Innocent in a Sex Crime Case? What Are My Rights If Accused of Sexual Assault? Related Sex Crimes Defense Pages Sex Crimes Lawyer in Missouri Sexual Abuse Lawyer Missouri Sexual Contact With a Student Lawyer Missouri Sexual Misconduct Lawyer Missouri Sex Offender Registry Violations Statutory Sex Crimes Lawyer Missouri Statutory Rape Defense Lawyer Missouri
Nov 19, 2025 · 9 min
Sexual Misconduct Defense Lawyer in Missouri
Sexual Misconduct Defense Lawyer serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and ALL of Missouri. Combs Waterkotte is the leading Sexual Misconduct Defense Law Firm serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and the entire state of Missouri. Sexual Misconduct Defense Lawyer in Missouri #misconduct #lawyer #attorney #defense #missouri #stlouis #kansascity Sexual misconduct charges can turn your life upside down. A conviction can damage your reputation, take away your freedom, and follow you for the rest of your life. Combs Waterkotte is the trusted St. Louis and Missouri sex crimes defense firm that stands beside clients in their most difficult moments. We offer confidential, nonjudgmental, and aggressive defense for anyone facing sexual misconduct allegations in Missouri. Sexual Misconduct Laws in St. Louis and Missouri Missouri divides sexual misconduct into three main categories, each with different definitions and penalties. First-Degree Sexual Misconduct Under §566.093 RSMo, a person commits first-degree sexual misconduct if they: Expose their genitals in a situation where they know it will likely shock, offend, or alarm others Engage in sexual contact in the presence of a third person under circumstances likely to cause shock, offense, or alarm Have sexual intercourse in a public place in the presence of a third person Penalties include: First offense: Class B misdemeanor (up to 6 months in jail; fines up to $1,000) Second offense: Class A misdemeanor (up to 1 year in jail; fines up to $2,000) Second-Degree Sexual Misconduct Under §566.095 RSMo, second-degree sexual misconduct occurs when a person solicits or requests sexual conduct from another person knowing the request will likely shock, offend, or alarm them. Penalty: Class C misdemeanor (up to 15 days in jail; fines up to $500) Sexual Misconduct Involving a Child Under §566.083 RSMo, a person commits this offense if they: Expose their genitals to a child under 15, knowing it is likely to shock, offend, or alarm, or for sexual arousal or gratification Coerce or persuade a child under 15 to expose their genitals for arousal or gratification Coerce or persuade a child under 15 to expose the breasts of a female child through electronic communication Penalties include: First offense: Class E felony (up to 4 years in prison; fines up to $10,000) Subsequent offenses: Class D felony (up to 7 years in prison; fines up to $10,000) Related FAQs How Long Does a Sexual Assault Case Take? What Happens During a Sexual Assault Investigation? Can Sex Crime Charges Be Dropped? Do I Need a Lawyer if I’m Innocent in a Sex Crime Case? What Are My Rights If Accused of Sexual Assault? Related Sex Crimes Defense Pages Sex Crimes Lawyer in Missouri Sexual Abuse Lawyer Missouri Sexual Contact With a Student Lawyer Missouri Sexual Misconduct Lawyer Missouri Sex Offender Registry Violations Statutory Sex Crimes Lawyer Missouri Statutory Rape Defense Lawyer Missouri
Nov 19, 2025 · 12 min
Vehicle Hijacking Defense Lawyer in Missouri
Vehicle Hijacking Defense Lawyer serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and ALL of Missouri. Combs Waterkotte is the leading Vehicle Hijacking Defense Law Firm serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and the entire state of Missouri. Vehicle Hijacking Defense Lawyer in Missouri #vehicletheft #lawyer #attorney #defense #missouri #stlouis #kansascity Passed in 2020, Missouri’s vehicle hijacking law imposes severe penalties on anyone convicted of forcibly taking control of a vehicle. The experienced Missouri criminal defense and theft lawyers at Combs Waterkotte understand the high stakes involved in these cases. With extensive resources and deep knowledge of Missouri law, we fight for dismissals, acquittals, charge reductions, and the protection of your future. Laws Against Vehicle Hijacking in Missouri While many states classify theft into separate crimes like fraud, auto theft, and larceny, Missouri uses a single comprehensive stealing statute to handle all theft-related offenses. Historically, this meant auto theft was handled under the same statute as shoplifting or embezzlement. But vehicle hijacking is fundamentally different because it involves taking an occupied vehicle, which creates substantial danger to the driver and passengers. Recognizing this, Missouri passed a dedicated vehicle hijacking statute in 2020. This law blends elements of robbery and stealing to create a standalone felony offense with serious consequences. What Is Vehicle Hijacking in Missouri? Vehicle hijacking occurs when someone knowingly uses or threatens physical force to seize control or possession of a vehicle from another person. The term “vehicle” includes almost all motorized, wheeled vehicles—including cars, ATVs, motorcycles, and trucks—except: Trains Motorized wheelchairs Electric or motorized bicycles What Counts as Physical Force? Missouri statutes don’t define “physical force,” so courts use its ordinary meaning. Physical force can include: Punching Kicking Pushing or pulling Shooting Stabbing The law also includes threats of force. A person can be charged with vehicle hijacking even if they never physically touch the driver—as long as they make a credible threat, such as threatening to shoot unless the victim exits the vehicle. Aggravating Circumstances for Vehicle Hijacking Prosecutors may seek enhanced penalties if the alleged hijacker: Caused serious physical injury Carried a deadly weapon Used or threatened a dangerous instrument Displayed what appeared to be a weapon Took a vehicle with a child or “special victim” inside Vehicle Hijacking and First-Degree Robbery in Missouri Vehicle hijacking with aggravating circumstances closely parallels first-degree robbery. Under Missouri law, first-degree robbery involves forcibly stealing property while: Causing serious physical injury Being armed with a deadly weapon Using or threatening a dangerous instrument Displaying what appears to be a deadly weapon Stealing a controlled substance from a pharmacy However, there is an important distinction: robbery requires proof that the force used was intended to overcome the victim’s resistance or coerce them into surrendering property. Vehicle hijacking does not require this specific element—making it easier for prosecutors to pursue a conviction. Related Missouri Theft & Vehicle Crime Defense Pages Vehicle Hijacking Lawyer in Missouri Motor Vehicle Tampering Lawyer in Missouri Theft/Larceny Lawyer in Missouri
Nov 19, 2025 · 10 min
Stealing of a Motor Vehicle Lawyer in Missouri
Stealing of a Motor Vehicle Defense Lawyer serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and ALL of Missouri. Combs Waterkotte is the leading Stealing of a Motor Vehicle Defense Law Firm serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and the entire state of Missouri. Stealing of a Motor Vehicle Defense Lawyer in Missouri #theft #lawyer #attorney #defense #missouri #stlouis #kansascity Missouri imposes harsh penalties on those who are convicted of stealing motor vehicles. You could face significant time in prison, fines that drain your finances, and the long-term consequences that come with having a criminal record. At Combs Waterkotte, our Missouri criminal defense and theft lawyers fight these charges aggressively to protect your future and your freedom. Understanding Stealing of Motor Vehicle Charges in Missouri In Missouri, stealing a motor vehicle is considered more serious than stealing other types of property. If you take a vehicle or catalytic converter without the owner’s permission — or by force — and intend to deprive the owner of it, the state can charge you with motor vehicle theft. The potential charges include: Stealing a motor vehicle: Class D felony Stealing a catalytic converter: Class E felony Repeat offenders: Two prior theft convictions within 10 years can elevate the charge to a Class B felony Tampering With a Motor Vehicle in Missouri Tampering with a motor vehicle is a related but separate offense. Often referred to as “joyriding,” this charge involves knowingly possessing, receiving, selling, or operating a vehicle without the owner’s consent. The key difference between tampering and stealing: tampering does not require proof that you intended to permanently deprive the owner of the vehicle. First-degree tampering (driver): Class D felony Second-degree tampering (passenger): Class A misdemeanor Carjacking and Vehicle Theft in Missouri Carjacking — sometimes called vehicle hijacking — involves using or threatening force to take control of another person’s vehicle. This offense carries extremely severe penalties. Carjacking becomes a Class A felony when it involves: The use of a deadly weapon Serious injury to a victim or bystander The use or threat of a dangerous weapon Taking a vehicle with a child or special victim inside All other forms of carjacking are generally charged as Class B felonies. Related Missouri Vehicle Theft & Tampering Defense Pages Vehicle Hijacking Lawyer in Missouri Motor Vehicle Tampering Lawyer in Missouri Theft/Larceny Lawyer in Missouri
Nov 19, 2025 · 9 min
Third Degree Domestic Assault Lawyer in Missouri
Third Degree Domestic Assault Defense Lawyer serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and ALL of Missouri. Combs Waterkotte is the leading Third Degree Domestic Assault Defense Law Firm serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and the entire state of Missouri. Third Degree Domestic Assault Defense Lawyer in Missouri #assaultlawyer #lawyer #attorney #defense #missouri #stlouis #kansascity Even a verbal argument or brief contact with a loved one can lead to life-changing criminal felony charges. A conviction for third degree domestic assault in Missouri could affect your job, your relationships, and your future. Combs Waterkotte has helped countless people in Missouri facing domestic violence accusations get charges reduced, dropped, or dismissed entirely. Our Missouri domestic violence attorneys provide fearless courtroom defense if your case goes to trial. What Is Third Degree Domestic Assault in Missouri? Under §565.074 RSMo, third degree domestic assault occurs when someone knowingly causes physical pain or illness to a “domestic victim,” or attempts to cause physical injury. Unlike more severe degrees of assault, no serious injury is required — even minor contact can lead to felony charges if the alleged victim qualifies as domestic. Who Qualifies as a Domestic Victim? Current or former spouses People related by blood or marriage Current or former cohabitants (roommates, partners) Anyone in a romantic or intimate relationship (past or present) People who share a child, even if never lived together How Third Degree Differs from Other Assault Charges Second degree: Involves actual physical injury, often with a weapon or reckless behavior Third degree: Focuses on pain, illness, or an attempt to harm a domestic victim — not necessarily injury Fourth degree: Often covers unwanted physical contact or minor threats — a misdemeanor In summary: Third degree domestic assault is a lower-level felony, but the “domestic” classification raises the stakes. Prosecutors can pursue serious consequences even without visible injuries. What Are the Penalties for Third Degree Domestic Assault in Missouri? Third degree domestic assault is classified as a Class E felony in Missouri. A conviction can result in up to four years in prison and fines of up to $10,000. In some cases — especially with prior convictions — prosecutors may try to enhance it to a Class D felony. Additional Consequences Restraining orders or loss of contact with family Permanent criminal record with a “domestic violence” tag Loss of firearm rights under federal law Difficulty finding or keeping employment Impact on child custody or divorce proceedings In summary: Even if no one was seriously hurt, a third degree domestic assault conviction can change your life. Getting an experienced defense lawyer involved early is crucial. Related Missouri Assault & Domestic Violence Defense Pages Aggravated Assault Lawyer in Missouri Assault and Battery Lawyer in Missouri DWI Assault Lawyer in Missouri First-Degree Domestic Assault Lawyer in Missouri Fourth Degree Assault Lawyer in Missouri Fourth Degree Domestic Assault Lawyer in Missouri Second Degree Domestic Assault Lawyer in Missouri Second Degree Assault Lawyer in Missouri Third Degree Assault Lawyer in Missouri Third Degree Domestic Assault Lawyer in Missouri
Nov 19, 2025 · 9 min
Third Degree Assault Lawyer in Missouri
Third Degree Assault Defense Lawyer serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and ALL of Missouri. Combs Waterkotte is the leading Third Degree Assault Defense Law Firm serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and the entire state of Missouri. Third Degree Assault Defense Lawyer in Missouri #assaultlawyer #lawyer #attorney #defense #missouri #stlouis #kansascity Being charged with third degree assault in Missouri may seem like a minor offense, but it’s not. A conviction can lead to jail time, a criminal record, and serious damage to your reputation, career, and family life. Combs Waterkotte‘s St. Louis assault defense and criminal defense lawyers know how to fight violent crime charges head-on and protect your future. What Is Third Degree Assault in Missouri? Under §565.054 RSMo, you commit third degree assault in Missouri if you knowingly cause physical injury to another person. According to Missouri law: “Knowingly” means you were aware your actions were practically certain to cause harm. “Physical injury” includes pain, illness, or any visible bodily harm such as bruises, swelling, cuts, or soreness. In most cases, third degree assault is charged after a fight, argument, or altercation where someone ends up with even a minor injury. It doesn’t require serious harm or a weapon — only that you knowingly caused pain or injury. In summary: Third degree assault is a felony-level charge that applies when someone is hurt and prosecutors believe you knew your actions would cause that harm. The injury may be minor, but the consequences are not. How Is Third Degree Assault Different From Second or Fourth Degree? Second degree assault under §565.052 involves serious injuries or reckless conduct with weapons and is charged as a more severe felony. Fourth degree assault under §565.056 includes threats, minor contact, or attempted harm without injury and is usually a misdemeanor. Third degree assault is in the middle: a felony charge based on knowingly causing even minor pain or injury — no weapon or serious harm required. What Are the Penalties for Third Degree Assault in Missouri? Can you go to jail for third degree assault in Missouri? Yes. Third degree assault is a Class E felony, which carries: Up to 4 years in prison Fines up to $10,000 Even if you avoid prison, a felony conviction can still mean probation, court-ordered treatment, a permanent criminal record, and serious personal and professional consequences. Additional Consequences of a Third Degree Assault Conviction A permanent felony record that shows up on background checks Loss of firearm rights under state and federal law Difficulty securing employment, housing, or professional licenses Family court issues, including custody or visitation restrictions Immigration consequences for non-citizens In summary: A single argument or mistake can result in a felony record, even if you don’t spend time in jail. Third degree assault charges will not simply disappear — the consequences can follow you for life. Related Assault & Violent Crime Defense Pages Aggravated Assault Lawyer in Missouri Assault and Battery Lawyer in Missouri DWI Assault Lawyer in Missouri First-Degree Domestic Assault Lawyer in Missouri Fourth Degree Assault Lawyer in Missouri Fourth Degree Domestic Assault Lawyer in Missouri Second Degree Domestic Assault Lawyer in Missouri Second Degree Assault Lawyer in Missouri Third Degree Assault Lawyer in Missouri Third Degree Domestic Assault Lawyer in Missouri
Nov 19, 2025 · 7 min
Possession With Intent to Distribute Lawyer in Missouri
Possession With Intent to Distribute Defense Lawyer serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and ALL of Missouri. Combs Waterkotte is the leading Possession With Intent to Distribute Defense Law Firm serving St. Louis, Kansas City, and the entire state of Missouri. Possession With Intent to Distribute Defense Lawyer in Missouri #drug #lawyer #attorney #defense #missouri #stlouis #kansascity With drug laws becoming ever stricter in St. Louis and throughout Missouri, police and prosecutors are taking aggressive steps to secure convictions and put suspected drug dealers behind bars. At Combs Waterkotte, our criminal defense firm has been vigorously defending Missouri residents from all walks of life who have been accused of drug offenses for years. Our experienced attorneys create personalized legal strategies designed to achieve the best possible outcome for each client. How Is “Intent To Distribute” Determined in St. Louis and Missouri? Under Missouri law, specifically RSMo §579.020, “knowingly possessing a controlled substance with the intent to distribute or deliver” is a Class C felony. Convictions can result in: 3–10 years in state prison Fines up to $10,000 The exception: possessing 35 grams or less of cannabis with intent to distribute is a Class E felony, carrying a maximum of four years in prison. Possession with intent charges are often filed alongside other drug offenses to increase potential sentencing exposure. How Prosecutors Prove “Intent to Distribute” Intent is usually proven through circumstantial evidence. Prosecutors typically claim that the amount of drugs found was too large for personal use — a “reasonable person” standard. Court rulings show how subjective this can be: State v. Belton (2003): Two pounds of cannabis was enough to prove intent to distribute. State v. McCleod (2006): A conviction was overturned for a defendant caught with 7.5 ounces of marijuana. Other circumstantial factors used to claim intent include: Plastic bags or packaging materials Twist-ties or rubber bands Digital scales Large amounts of cash Why Choose Combs Waterkotte for Your Possession With Intent to Distribute Defense? Our attorneys have a proven record of successfully defending possession with intent to distribute cases. We have deep knowledge of Missouri drug laws and how prosecutors build these cases. We create customized defense strategies tailored to each client's situation. We negotiate aggressively for reduced charges or favorable plea deals when appropriate. We are experienced trial lawyers ready to defend you before a jury. We excel at challenging circumstantial evidence used to support intent to distribute allegations. We prioritize communication and guide you through every step of the legal process. We are committed to protecting your rights, your freedom, and your future. Related Missouri Drug Crime Defense Pages Drug Paraphernalia Lawyer Missouri Drug Trafficking Lawyer Missouri Drugs in Vehicle Lawyer Missouri DWI With Marijuana Defense Lawyer Missouri Federal Drug Charges Lawyer Missouri Federal Drug Trafficking Lawyer Missouri Heroin Drug Charges Lawyer Missouri Cocaine Trafficking Lawyer Missouri Crack Trafficking Lawyer Missouri

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