Classical Wisdom Speaks

Classical Wisdom

A Podcast dedicated to bringing ancient wisdom to modern minds. This podcast is provided by Classical Wisdom, to learn more check out www.classicalwisdom.com

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Thursday · 41 min
Why Does Marcus Aurelius Still Speak To Us Today?
Why Is Marcus Aurelius Still So Powerful Today? | Aaron Poochigian on Stoicism & Meditations Nearly 2,000 years after his death, Marcus Aurelius still speaks directly to millions of readers. But why? In this episode of Classical Wisdom Speaks, Anya Leonard sits down with poet, classics scholar and translator Aaron Poochigian to explore his new translation of Marcus Aurelius' Meditations—and discover the complicated, vulnerable and surprisingly relatable man behind one of history's most influential works of philosophy. Poochigian wanted to restore the Meditations to “living color,” moving away from translations that can make Marcus sound distant or overly formal. After all, Marcus wasn't writing a philosophical textbook. He was writing to himself, working through the mental discipline of Stoicism in private. And when we listen closely, Poochigian argues, we can hear different versions of Marcus speaking: the demanding instructor laying down the Stoic ideal, the vulnerable aspirant struggling to achieve it, and the objector pushing back. The result is not a portrait of a perfect philosopher, but of a human being continually trying to become better. The conversation goes deep into what Marcus actually believed: our obligations toward other people, the divine logos, fate and providence, accepting what life sends us, and the radical Stoic claim that our happiness ultimately depends upon our own judgments. It also explores why these ancient practices feel so modern. From cognitive behavioral therapy to self-help and our constant search for ways to live better, many of the problems Marcus wrestled with remain remarkably familiar. Poochigian even suggests that we might understand the Meditations less as a philosophical treatise and more like a daily practice—almost a form of philosophical yoga. 🔑 KEY TOPICS COVERED Why Marcus Aurelius still resonates today Bringing the Meditations back to “living color” The three voices inside Marcus Aurelius The instructor, aspirant and objector Marcus Aurelius' anger, flaws and contradictions Was Meditations ever intended for publication? Death and the importance of the present moment What Stoicism says about our duty to others Why Marcus believed humanity forms one community What the Stoic logos actually means Marcus Aurelius' religious worldview Fate, providence and determinism Accepting—and even being grateful for—what happens Can we really control our own happiness? Stoicism and cognitive behavioral therapy Why philosophy should be practised, not merely studied How to make Meditations part of everyday life TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Meet Aaron Poochigian 00:59 Bringing Meditations to life 03:07 The three voices of Marcus 06:14 A dialogue with himself? 08:06 Was it meant to be published? 12:11 Marcus' private thoughts 13:39 Death & the present moment 17:37 Our duty to humanity 22:12 What is the Stoic logos? 25:40 The religious Marcus Aurelius 28:22 Fate & determinism 30:05 Accepting what life gives us 31:01 Can we control happiness? 32:34 Philosophy as practice 34:58 Stoicism & CBT 36:30 How to read Meditations 38:47 A philosophical practice 40:28 Final thoughts Marcus Aurelius is often presented today as the ultimate Stoic: calm, disciplined and almost unshakeable. But does seeing the struggling, contradictory and imperfect Marcus make his philosophy more valuable? Tell us what you think in the comments. And if you believe ancient philosophy still has something to teach us about living well today, subscribe to Classical Wisdom for more conversations with leading classicists, philosophers, historians and authors. LINKS 👉 Aaron Poochigian's translation of Marcus Aurelius' Meditations: https://www.amazon.com/Meditations-Marcus-Aurelius/dp/132409639X 👉 Subscribe to Classical Wisdom: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 GUEST Aaron Poochigian is a poet, classics scholar and translator based in New York City. His work includes Four Walks in Central Park: A Poetic Guide to the Park, Stung with Love, and his new translation of Marcus Aurelius' Meditations. His approach reveals Meditations not simply as a collection of inspirational Stoic quotations, but as the record of someone repeatedly practising philosophy: correcting himself, challenging his reactions and trying to live according to the demanding ideals he believed in. #MarcusAurelius #Stoicism #Meditations #StoicPhilosophy #AncientPhil
August 27 · 1 hr 1 min
Success & Stoicism: Practical Philosophy You Can Use - With Tom Morris
Can Ancient Philosophy Teach Us How to Succeed? | Tom Morris on Aristotle, Stoicism & Living Well What does it actually mean to succeed in life? And could Aristotle, the Stoics and other ancient thinkers have better answers than our modern obsession with money, status and achievement? In this episode, Anya Leonard speaks with Tom Morris, public philosopher, former Notre Dame professor and bestselling author of If Aristotle Ran General Motors. Together they explore what happens when ancient philosophy leaves the classroom and enters everyday life: from business and leadership to personal success, politics and the search for meaning. Drawing on Aristotle, Seneca, Epictetus, Marcus Aurelius and others, Tom challenges conventional ideas of success and offers a deeper vision rooted in developing our talents, helping others and pursuing genuine human flourishing. The conversation also explores the extraordinary modern revival of Stoicism, whether we can separate great ideas from the flaws of the people who held them, and how ancient concepts of virtue, community and responsibility might help us navigate the divisions of modern society. Key Topics: Why ancient philosophy still speaks to modern problems What happened when Tom brought Aristotle into corporate America Why success isn't simply about money, power or status Aristotle, eudaimonia and the meaning of human flourishing How to find the useful “gold nuggets” in ancient philosophy Should we reject thinkers whose values don't match our own? Philosophy, patriotism and the search for shared values Can ancient wisdom help us move beyond political extremes? Why Stoicism has become a worldwide phenomenon The forgotten philosophical traditions we should rediscover Timestamps: 00:00 – Introduction 01:00 – From philosopher to corporate America 05:03 – Why ancient wisdom connects with people 10:53 – Our hunger for meaningful ideas 14:08 – What is true success? 16:13 – The Seven C's of Success 17:52 – Eudaimonia & human flourishing 18:46 – If Aristotle Ran General Motors 20:13 – “Cherry-picking” ancient wisdom 24:04 – Can we learn from flawed thinkers? 28:07 – Philosophy, patriotism & shared values 32:17 – Can philosophy overcome division? 42:11 – Why Stoicism is booming 46:38 – Stoicism & political division 49:25 – Can individuals change society? 53:29 – Finding the middle ground 58:54 – What lies beyond Stoicism? 1:00:30 – Final thoughts What does success mean to you? And which ancient philosopher has given you the most useful guidance for modern life? Let us know in the comments. If you enjoy conversations that bring ancient wisdom to modern problems, subscribe to Classical Wisdom for more interviews on philosophy, history, Stoicism and the ideas of the ancient world. 👉 Subscribe to Classical Wisdom's Newsletter: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Discover Books by Tom Morris: https://www.tomvmorris.com/ About Tom Morris Tom Morris is a public philosopher, speaker and bestselling author who has spent decades bringing philosophical ideas into business, leadership and everyday life. A Yale-trained philosopher and former professor at the University of Notre Dame, he has written more than 30 books, including True Success, The Stoic Art of Living, The Everyday Patriot and If Aristotle Ran General Motors.
August 20 · 34 min
Spirituality in the Ancient World: What Have We Lost?
How Did Beliefs Really Work in the Ancient World?| Michael Satlow on Ancient Religion & Ritual For people in Late Antiquity, gods, spirits and invisible forces weren't simply matters of faith: they were part of everyday reality. What would life feel like if gods, spirits, demons and other invisible beings were as real to you as the people around you? Professor Michael Satlow explores the enchanted world of Late Antiquity, and what it can teach us about our increasingly secular lives… In this episode of Classical Wisdom Speaks, Anya speaks with Michael Satlow, Professor of Judaic Studies and Religious Studies at Brown University and author of An Enchanted World: The Shared Religious Landscape of Late Antiquity. Together they explore how Jews, Christians, Greeks and Romans navigated a world infused with spiritual beings, and why familiar labels like "magic", "superstition" and even "religion" can prevent us from understanding how ancient people actually experienced their lives. From protective amulets and ancient spells to disease, fear, ritual and the need for human connection, Satlow challenges our assumptions about ancient belief. Could ancient approaches to awe, ritual and community reveal something we've lost along the way? Watch the FULL, EXTENDED EPISODE by becoming a Classical Wisdom Member today: 👉 Become A Member: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Full podcast: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/p/can-we-return-to-an-enchanted-world 👉 Buy Michael Satlow's book, An Enchanted World: The Shared Religious Landscape of Late Antiquity: https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691256597/an-enchanted-world?srsltid=AfmBOor8t_N4hIPDmIeFEW9uavx769LCOATvQqsRtQbiBjh_JznfJr- KEY TOPICS COVERED • What did an "enchanted world" actually mean? • How religion shaped everyday life in Late Antiquity • Gods, demons, spirits and supernatural beings • Why "magic" and "superstition" are problematic labels • Ancient spells, prayers and protective amulets • How people sought protection from disease and misfortune • What Jews and Christians shared despite religious differences • Why religious history isn't only a story of conflict • Science, rationality and the disenchantment of modern life • Can rituals still have meaning without belief? • The psychological value of awe and humility • What ancient spirituality can teach the modern world ⏱️ TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Meet Michael Satlow 01:26 Entering an "enchanted world" 04:37 Gods, spirits & invisible beings 08:16 Is "magic" really the right word? 10:20 Spells or prayers? 11:44 Amulets & protection 13:05 Everyday vs. official religion 15:30 Why do humans create religion? 18:02 A shared religious world 20:13 Fear, disease & scapegoating 22:01 Rethinking religious conflict 24:03 Has science disenchanted us? 26:52 Ritual without belief 29:12 Awe & well-being 30:41 What can the ancient world teach us? 33:41 Final thoughts What do you think? Has modern life become too disenchanted, or are we better off seeing the world through science and reason? Let us know in the comments. Subscribe for more conversations with leading historians, classicists, philosophers and thinkers exploring what the ancient world can teach us today. GUEST: Michael Satlow: Professor of Judaic Studies and Religious Studies at Brown University. He is the author of How the Bible Became Holy and An Enchanted World: The Shared Religious Landscape of Late Antiquity, the book at the heart of this conversation.
July 9 · 44 min
What Can Roman Homes Tell Us About Life TODAY?
What Did Roman Houses Reveal About the People Who Lived Inside Them? | Ancient Architecture & Morality Roman houses were more than places to live—they were reflections of identity, values, status, and ideas about how to live a good life. In this fascinating conversation, Marden Nicholls explores what ancient Roman homes can teach us about architecture, morality, social values, and the relationship between our surroundings and ourselves. Discover how Roman writers viewed the house as a mirror of character, why design choices mattered, and what ancient ideas about sustainable building and meaningful spaces can teach us today. Perfect for anyone interested in Roman history, ancient architecture, archaeology, classical literature, philosophy, and the everyday lives of people in the Roman world, this episode reveals how the spaces we inhabit shape the way we think, act, and understand ourselves. KEY TOPICS COVERED What Roman houses reveal about identity and values Ancient Roman architecture and social life The connection between homes and morality How Roman authors used houses as reflections of character Architecture, environment, and sustainability Ancient ideas about living well How private spaces shaped public identity Roman construction methods and lasting materials What ancient architecture can teach modern society The relationship between surroundings and personal improvement TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Introduction & Roman homes 03:00 The meaning of the Roman house 08:00 Architecture, identity & social values 15:00 Ancient texts and household ideals 22:00 How Romans viewed wealth and status 30:00 Materials, sustainability & construction 36:10 Architecture, environment & modern lessons 38:00 The home as a reflection of morality 40:00 Public spaces, private spaces & human behavior If you enjoyed this conversation, subscribe for more discussions on Ancient Rome, classical literature, archaeology, philosophy, and the lessons the ancient world still offers today. Comment below: Do you think the spaces we live in influence the people we become? 🔗 LINKS 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Full podcast: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/p/what-does-your-home-say-about-you 👉 Buy How to Make a Home: An Ancient Guide to Style and Comfort: https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691249124/how-to-make-a-home?srsltid=AfmBOooKQLgpvMeBjjc_IamYBxRqF5xQrwRX-elm-pZ-j8MLosxuql5w 🎙️ GUEST Marden Nicholls — Scholar of Classics and ancient Roman culture whose work explores Roman literature, architecture, domestic spaces, and the ways ancient texts reveal ideas about identity, morality, and daily life. 🔖 HASHTAGS #AncientRome #RomanArchitecture #Classics #AncientHistory #Archaeology
July 2 · 32 min
Mesopotamia and the Making of the Modern World
Mesopotamia and the Making of the Modern World | The Ancient Civilization That Still Shapes Your Life Mesopotamia changed the world. Many of the systems you use every day began thousands of years ago between the Tigris and Euphrates. Assyriologist Selena Wisnom explains why Mesopotamia was far more than the "cradle of civilization." Discover how cuneiform writing, libraries, mathematics, literature, timekeeping, and the Epic of Gilgamesh helped shape the modern world. If you're interested in ancient history, archaeology, ancient literature, or the origins of human civilization, this episode reveals why Mesopotamia remains one of history's most influential cultures. 🔑 KEY TOPICS COVERED What Mesopotamia actually was Why it deserves more attention than it receives The invention of cuneiform writing How Mesopotamian knowledge shaped the modern world The Epic of Gilgamesh and its enduring lessons Ancient libraries and the preservation of knowledge Learning cuneiform today The origins of timekeeping, mathematics, and record-keeping How ideas survive across thousands of years What modern society still owes to Mesopotamia ⏱️ TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Introducing Mesopotamia & Selina Winsome 01:27 Beyond the "cradle of civilization" 04:50 Cuneiform and the invention of writing 09:10 Why Mesopotamian literature matters 14:17 Learning cuneiform today 15:09 The Epic of Gilgamesh explained 19:56 Mesopotamia's impact on modern life 22:53 The Library of Ashurbanipal 24:24 How knowledge survives catastrophe 27:20 Preserving information in the digital age 30:30 The Memory of Mankind project 31:59 Final reflections & closing If you enjoyed this conversation, please like and subscribe for more deep dives into ancient history, archaeology, mythology, philosophy, and the civilizations that shaped our world. Comment below: What contribution from Mesopotamia do you think has had the biggest impact on modern life? 🔗 LINKS 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Full podcast: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/p/before-greece-and-rome-the-civilization 👉 Buy Selena’s book, The Library of Ancient Wisdom: Mesopotamia and the Making of the Modern World: https://www.amazon.com/Library-Ancient-Wisdom-Mesopotamia-Making/dp/0226849295/ ALSO: Some of the fantastic resources mentioned in the conversation are: Selena’s Website: www.selenawisnom.com Including a guide to learning cuneiform: https://www.selenawisnom.com/learning-cuneiform 🎙️ GUEST Selena Wisnom: Assyriologist, lecturer in Ancient Middle Eastern History at the University of Leicester, and author of The Library of Ancient Wisdom: Mesopotamia and the Making of the Modern World. Her research focuses on cuneiform literature, Mesopotamian culture, ancient libraries, and the intellectual legacy of the ancient Near East. #Mesopotamia #AncientHistory #Cuneiform #EpicOfGilgamesh #Archaeology
July 2 · 1 hr 28 min
Do We Really Have Free Will?
Do we truly have free will, or are our choices shaped by biology, habits, and unconscious forces? This fascinating panel explores one of humanity's oldest and most important questions. Join philosopher Tamar Gendler, psychologist Jeffrey Schaler, and classicist Michael Fontaine as they debate free will, consciousness, Aristotle, and what ancient wisdom can teach us about making better decisions today. Whether you're interested in philosophy, psychology, neuroscience, ethics, or personal development, this conversation offers thought-provoking insights into how we become the people we choose to be. KEY TOPICS COVERED What free will actually means Philosophy vs. psychology on human choice Are our decisions determined by biology? Consciousness and self-awareness Addiction, habits, and responsibility Aristotle, Plutarch, and ancient ideas of character Can neuroscience explain behavior? Moral responsibility and the justice system Building better habits and exercising self-control Ancient philosophy for modern life TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Introduction & panel introductions 06:40 What is free will? 17:45 Ancient philosophy on choice 30:10 Habits, character & Aristotle 42:05 Neuroscience vs. free will 56:20 Addiction, agency & responsibility 01:10:35 Ozempic, habits & behavior change 01:12:32 Do we really choose our actions? 01:15:03 Audience Q&A begins 01:20:55 Consciousness & self-awareness 01:25:58 Plutarch on becoming better 01:27:08 Final reflections & closing If you enjoyed this discussion, subscribe for more conversations exploring ancient wisdom, philosophy, psychology, and the ideas that continue to shape the modern world. Comment below: Do you believe we truly have free will, or are our choices determined by factors beyond our control? 🔗 LINKS 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Buy Michael Fontaine's book 'How to Have Will Power': https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691220345/how-to-have-willpower 👉 Buy Jeffrey Schaler's book 'Addiction is a Choice': https://www.amazon.com/Addiction-Choice-Ph-D-Jeffrey-Schaler/dp/081269404X 👉 Buy Tamar Gendler's book 'Thought Experiment: On the Powers and Limits of Imaginary Cases': https://www.amazon.com/Thought-Experiment-Powers-Limits-Imaginary/dp/1138990337 🎙️ GUESTS Michael Fontaine: Classicist and professor whose work connects ancient philosophy with contemporary questions about ethics, choice, and human behavior. Tamar Gendler: Philosopher and cognitive scientist whose work explores belief, reasoning, habits, and the philosophy of mind. Jeffrey Schaler: Psychologist, author, and leading voice on addiction, personal responsibility, and human agency. #FreeWill #Philosophy #Psychology #Consciousness #Neuroscience
June 18 · 39 min
Secrets of Forgotten Pharaohs
The Amarna Letters: Love, War & Diplomacy in the Bronze Age World | Eric Cline What can 3,400-year-old diplomatic letters teach us about international politics, trade, misinformation, and human nature? Archaeologist and historian Eric Cline reveals the extraordinary story of the Amarna Letters: hundreds of clay tablets that uncovered a thriving, interconnected Bronze Age world. From royal marriages and diplomatic rivalries to trade networks, proxy wars, and political intrigue, these ancient letters offer a rare window into life before the collapse of the Late Bronze Age. If you're fascinated by ancient history, Egypt, the Bronze Age, archaeology, diplomacy, or the origins of globalization, this episode will transform how you think about the ancient world, and its surprising similarities to our own. KEY TOPICS COVERED What the Amarna Letters are and why they matter The discovery of the tablets in Egypt Akhenaten, Amenhotep III, and Bronze Age diplomacy International trade and globalization in the ancient world Royal marriages, gifts, and political alliances How historians deciphered the Amarna archive The Late Bronze Age international system Proxy wars, misinformation, and political intrigue Why the Bronze Age feels surprisingly modern What the letters reveal about human nature The world before the Bronze Age Collapse TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Introduction & the discovery of the Amarna Letters 01:48 Why Eric Cline wrote this book 03:00 How the tablets were found in Egypt 05:06 The archive of Akhenaten & Amenhotep III 09:07 Why the letters changed ancient history 11:15 Akhenaten and the Bronze Age world 12:39 The Late Bronze Age international network 14:24 A prosperous world before collapse 16:28 Deciphering the tablets 18:18 Surprising insights from the letters 20:54 Proxy wars & Bronze Age politics 23:24 The reality behind royal correspondence 28:00 Diplomacy, trade & international relations 33:03 Why the Bronze Age still matters today 35:08 Human nature across 3,000 years 37:22 Final thoughts & closing If you enjoyed this conversation, subscribe for more deep dives into ancient history, archaeology, Egypt, Greece, Rome, and the civilizations that shaped our world. Comment below: What surprised you most about the Amarna Letters? Do you think the Bronze Age world was more connected than most people realize? LINKS 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 FULL podcast: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/p/when-the-world-was-already-global 👉 Buy Eric Cline's book on the Amarna Letters: https://www.amazon.com/Love-War-Diplomacy-Discovery-Revealed/dp/0691274088 GUEST Eric Cline: Professor of Classics and Anthropology at George Washington University, archaeologist, and bestselling author of 1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Collapsed, After 1177 B.C., and Love, War, and Diplomacy: The Discovery of the Amarna Letters and the Bronze Age World They Reveal. His research focuses on the Late Bronze Age, ancient Egypt, archaeology, and the interconnected civilizations of the ancient Mediterranean. #AmarnaLetters #BronzeAge #AncientEgypt #Archaeology #AncientHistory
June 11 · 51 min
Life Lessons From the Odyssey: Strength, Resilience, and Purpose
What can Homer's Odyssey teach us about resilience, trauma, grief, purpose, and living a meaningful life in the modern world? Clinical psychologist Dr. Sam Akbar joins Classical Wisdom Speaks to explore why The Odyssey remains one of the most powerful guides to human psychology ever written. Drawing on her work with trauma survivors and refugees, she reveals how Odysseus, Penelope, and Telemachus offer timeless lessons on resilience, emotional growth, identity, belonging, and finding your way home, both literally and psychologically. Whether you're interested in Greek mythology, psychology, mental health, personal growth, Stoicism, or Homer's epic poetry, this conversation will change how you read The Odyssey. KEY TOPICS COVERED The psychology of Homer's Odyssey Why Odysseus still resonates with modern readers Resilience, trauma, and post-traumatic growth What refugees can teach us about the meaning of home Why flawed heroes are more inspiring than perfect ones Penelope's hidden psychological strength Telemachus and the journey to adulthood Grief, loss, and personal transformation Ancient wisdom for modern mental health Community, loneliness, and the Greek concept of xenia Finding purpose and defining your own Ithaca TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Introducing Dr. Sam Akbar & The Odyssey Mindset 01:40 Psychology meets Classics 05:06 What Homer understood about human nature 07:42 Why Odysseus still resonates today 12:18 Trauma, refugees & reading Homer differently 16:10 The Odyssey as a post-war story 20:00 Resilience, acceptance & psychological growth 22:07 Penelope and quiet resistance 24:00 What does “home” really mean? 30:00 Telemachus, mentorship & growing up 34:50 Grief, loss & personal odysseys 41:20 Community, loneliness & modern life 45:00 Catharsis, collective healing & ancient wisdom 50:10 Final reflections If you enjoyed this conversation, subscribe for more discussions on Ancient Greece, philosophy, psychology, mythology, and the timeless lessons hidden in classical texts. Comment below: What is your personal “Ithaca”? What lesson from The Odyssey has stayed with you the most? 🔗 LINKS 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Buy The Odyssey Mindset by Dr. Sam Akbar: https://www.panmacmillan.com/authors/dr-sam-akbar/the-odyssey-mindset/9781035090549 GUEST Dr. Sam Akbar is a clinical psychologist, a Classics graduate from University of Oxford, and author of The Odyssey Mindset: Seven Timeless Lessons on Resilience, Strength, and Purpose. Her work combines psychology, trauma research, resilience, and classical literature to uncover practical lessons from the ancient world. #TheOdyssey #GreekMythology #Psychology #AncientWisdom #PersonalGrowth
June 4 · 40 min
The Secret Legacy of Rome's Scholar-Slaves
Intellectual Slaves in Ancient Rome: The Hidden Minds Behind Roman Literature & Power What is an intellectual slave, and why did some of the most educated people in ancient Rome live in bondage? In this fascinating conversation, Princeton classics professor Harriet Flower reveals the overlooked world of learned slaves and educated freedmen in Republican Rome. Discover how enslaved scholars, poets, editors, teachers, and philosophers helped shape Roman culture, literature, politics, and intellectual life, and why some were worth fortunes to Rome’s elite. If you're interested in Roman history, slavery in the ancient world, classical literature, or the hidden figures behind great civilizations, this episode offers a completely new perspective on how knowledge, power, and status worked in ancient Rome. KEY TOPICS COVERED What an “intellectual slave” was in ancient Rome How educated slaves differed from common perceptions of slavery Why Roman elites invested heavily in slave education The connection between slavery, literature, and cultural prestige How scholars, poets, editors, and philosophers lived within elite households Famous intellectual slaves and freedmen of the Roman Republic The economics of highly educated slaves Why some learned slaves were worth enormous fortunes How freedmen influenced Roman politics and publishing The role of education, authorship, and intellectual labor in Roman society What these forgotten lives reveal about power and culture in the ancient world TIMESTAMPS 00:00 What is an intellectual slave? 00:55 Educated slaves & freedmen in Rome 02:50 How intellectuals became enslaved 06:43 Why Romans educated slaves 08:58 Philosophy, literature & elite culture 10:12 Educated slaves as luxury assets 13:07 Roman attitudes toward slavery 15:16 Jobs performed by intellectual slaves 18:35 The most expensive slave in Rome 21:18 Intellectuals as status symbols 22:23 Atticus and his scholarly household 25:13 Captured scholars as war prizes 27:00 Archimedes and the value of genius 30:05 Rome's intellectual ecosystem 33:22 Speechwriters, advisers & hidden influence 37:03 Which intellectual slave deserves a movie? 39:26 Final thoughts & closing If you enjoyed this conversation, subscribe for more deep dives into ancient history, classical philosophy, and the hidden stories that shaped civilization. Comment below: Which aspect of Roman slavery surprised you most? Were intellectual slaves collaborators, status symbols, victims of circumstance... or all three? LINKS 👉 FULL EPISODE: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/p/the-price-of-knowledge-in-ancient 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Buy Harriet Flower's Book on Educated Slaves: https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691266169/intellectual-property?srsltid=AfmBOor5mD_3-q-hH28k8MpgzGhPMS3qVKSFtkJwak5seb7ryczBzu8x 🎙️ GUEST Harriet Flower Andrew Fleming West Professor of Classics at Princeton University and author of Intellectual Property: Learned Slaves and Educated Freemen in Republican Rome. Her research explores Roman history, slavery, political culture, and the intellectual networks that shaped the ancient world. #AncientRome #RomanHistory #Classics #AncientHistory #SlaveryInRome
May 28 · 47 min
The Power of the Bull
Why Did Ancient Civilizations Worship Bulls? From the Minotaur to Taurus, explore how bull symbolism shaped mythology, religion, power, and identity across the ancient world. This episode is for anyone fascinated by ancient mythology, symbolism, religion, and the hidden meanings behind ancient cultures. Author and researcher Stephen Palmer explores the history of bull worship in the ancient world, from prehistoric cave art and fertility rituals to Greek mythology, and the enduring cultural power of the bull. The conversation dives into why bulls became such important symbols of strength, masculinity, divinity, sacrifice, and cosmic order across civilizations. You’ll also discover how ancient myths and symbols still influence modern culture today: from astrology and storytelling to politics, identity, and human psychology. If you’ve ever wondered why the bull appears everywhere in mythology and history, this episode offers a fascinating deep dive into one of humanity’s oldest symbols. KEY TOPICS COVERED • Why bulls were worshipped in ancient civilizations • Bull symbolism in Greek mythology and religion • Taurus and the zodiac explained • The Minotaur and Minoan Crete • Bulls as symbols of masculinity, power, and fertility • Ancient rituals, sacrifice, and sacred animals • Mythology, storytelling, and oral cultures • Nature, stars, and symbolic thinking in prehistory • Shamanism and animal spirit symbolism • Why ancient myths still shape modern culture • The psychological power of symbols and stories • What mythology teaches us about human nature TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Introduction & Stephen Palmer 01:12 Why the bull became a sacred symbol 03:45 Bull worship in prehistory 06:18 Bulls in ancient mythology and religion 09:52 Taurus and the zodiac explained 13:40 The Minotaur and Minoan symbolism 18:07 Bulls, kingship, and political power 22:31 Fertility rituals and sacred sacrifice 27:46 Why ancient cultures relied on symbols 31:12 Myth, storytelling, and oral traditions 35:25 Shamanism and animal spirit guides 40:18 Nature as the source of ancient symbols 41:53 Losing our connection with nature 42:46 Why studying mythology still matters today 43:01 Bull symbolism and modern culture 45:20 Why storytelling shapes human identity 46:29 The danger of symbols we don’t understand 46:54 “Question everything” 47:04 Final reflections & closing thoughts If you enjoy conversations about ancient mythology, history, symbolism, and philosophy, subscribe for more deep dives into the ancient world. Why do you think the bull became such a powerful symbol across so many civilizations? Let us know in the comments. LINKS 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Guest links: https://www.amazon.com/I-Am-Taurus-Stephen-Palmer-ebook/dp/B0CTJJGSCG GUEST Stephen Palmer is the author of twenty genre novels, ranging from eco-SF through dark fantasy to steampunk. His short stories have been widely published, and he is the author of the book Tangerine Dream In The 1970s HASHTAGS #AncientHistory #GreekMythology #Taurus #Mythology #AncientCivilizations
May 21 · 25 min
Should We Teach Philosophy to Children?
Should philosophy start in childhood? Discover how philosophy for children can improve critical thinking, empathy, communication, and emotional resilience in the modern world. This episode is for parents, teachers, students, and anyone interested in philosophy, education, psychology, and child development. Dr. Maria Kasmirli explores why philosophy should be introduced to children from an early age—not as abstract academic theory, but as a way of encouraging curiosity, dialogue, reasoning, and deeper thinking. The conversation looks at how philosophical discussion helps children develop confidence, communication skills, empathy, emotional intelligence, and the ability to navigate disagreement constructively. The episode also examines the growing importance of these skills in an age shaped by social media, polarization, distraction, and shallow conversation. Rather than teaching children what to think, philosophy teaches them how to think: how to ask better questions, challenge assumptions, and engage thoughtfully with other people. If you’ve ever wondered whether philosophy belongs in schools, or why critical thinking matters more than ever, this conversation offers a powerful and practical answer. KEY TOPICS COVERED Why philosophy should be taught to children Philosophy for Children (P4C) explained Teaching curiosity, questioning, and critical thinking How dialogue improves empathy and communication Philosophy and emotional resilience Learning how to disagree respectfully Confidence, vulnerability, and intellectual humility The role of parents and teachers as role models Social media and the decline of meaningful conversation Why philosophy matters in modern education Helping children think independently Philosophy as preparation for citizenship and life TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Should we teach philosophy to children? 00:31 Introduction to Dr. Maria Kasmirli 00:51 Why philosophy for children matters 01:17 What philosophy for children actually looks like 01:51 Questioning, reasoning, and analysis skills 02:12 Why children naturally enjoy philosophical thinking 03:42 Building confidence through discussion 05:11 Philosophy and emotional intelligence 07:04 Why disagreement is valuable 09:26 The importance of listening and dialogue 11:48 Philosophy beyond the classroom 14:17 Can philosophy make us better citizens? 16:45 Social media, distraction, and modern communication 18:56 Intellectual humility and vulnerability 20:42 Teaching through example 23:16 Why role models matter in education 24:27 Final reflections If you enjoy conversations about philosophy, education, psychology, and the big ideas shaping society, subscribe for more episodes exploring timeless questions and modern challenges. Do you think philosophy should be taught in schools from an early age? Let us know your thoughts in the comments. LINKS 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Full podcast: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/p/from-plato-to-the-playground-why GUEST Dr. Maria Kasmirli – Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Sheffield specializing in philosophy, education, and Philosophy for Children (P4C). Her work focuses on helping young people develop critical thinking, dialogue, and reflective skills through philosophy. HASHTAGS #Philosophy #Education #CriticalThinking #PhilosophyForChildren #ChildDevelopment
May 14 · 1 hr 18 min
Does Ancient History Have A Future?
What Is the Future of Ancient History? In this deep, thought-provoking discussion, leading historians and philosophers explore what “ancient history” really means, how it’s taught today, and why it matters more than ever. If you’re interested in history, philosophy, education, or the future of the humanities, this episode will challenge how you think about the ancient world—and your place in it. KEY TOPICS COVERED • What ancient history actually means (and what it doesn’t) • Why it’s not just about Greece and Rome • The global vs. local debate in studying the ancient world • How ancient civilizations shaped modern society • The difference between “ancient history” and “classics” • Why academic institutions teach history the way they do • The decline of classics departments and what it means • How studying the past expands imagination and future possibilities • The importance of comparative history across cultures • The future of history, education, and universities If this changed how you think about history, hit subscribe for more deep conversations. Drop a comment: What does “ancient history” mean to you? LINKS 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 Buy Books by the Guests: 👉 Angie Hobbs’s “Why Plato Matters Now” https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/why-plato-matters-now-9781399403412/ 👉 Walter Scheidel's “What is Ancient History?” https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691236650/what-is-ancient-history 👉 Barry Strauss’ “Jews vs. Rome: Two Centuries of Rebellion Against the World’s Mightiest Empire” https://www.amazon.com/Jews-vs-Rome-Centuries-Rebellion/dp/1668009595 GUESTS Walter Scheidel – Stanford professor, historian, and author of What Is Ancient History? Barry Strauss – Historian and bestselling author on ancient Rome and military history Angie Hobbs – Professor of Philosophy and expert on Plato and ancient thought HASHTAGS #AncientHistory #HistoryExplained #Classics #Philosophy #Humanities
May 7 · 1 hr 8 min
The Ancients and the Afterlife: Mythology, Mourning, and Mummies
What Did Ancient People Believe About Death and the Afterlife? Robert Garland explores how Greeks, Egyptians, Romans, and other ancient cultures understood death, grief, burial, and the afterlife. This episode is for anyone fascinated by ancient history, mythology, religion, and the human experience of death. Classicist Robert Garland discusses how ancient civilizations approached mortality: from Greek ideas of Hades and the afterlife to Egyptian burial practices, reincarnation, grief, cremation, and ritual. Drawing from his book What to Expect When You’re Dead, he reveals how ancient beliefs about death shaped culture, religion, and everyday life. If you’ve ever wondered how the ancient world dealt with life’s biggest mystery, this conversation offers a fascinating and surprisingly human exploration of death across civilizations. KEY TOPICS COVERED Ancient Greek beliefs about the afterlife Homer’s Odyssey and the underworld Egyptian burial rituals and mummification Reincarnation and Pythagoras Greek funeral customs and expressions of grief The Eleusinian Mysteries and salvation beliefs Roman views of death and punishment after death Ancient cremation and burial practices The psychology of grief in the ancient world What ancient cultures can teach us about mortality today. If you enjoy conversations about ancient history, mythology, and philosophy, subscribe for more deep dives into the ancient world. Which ancient belief about death or the afterlife surprised you most? Let us know in the comments. LINKS 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Buy Robert Garland's book "What To Expect When You're Dead": https://www.amazon.com/What-Expect-When-Youre-Dead/dp/0691266174 GUEST Robert Garland is the Roy D. and Margaret B. Wooster Professor Emeritus of the Classics at Colgate University. He’s written extensively about ancient life and death in books like The Greek Way of Death, Wandering Greeks, and What to Expect When You're Dead: An Ancient Tour of Death and the Afterlife. #AncientHistory #GreekMythology #Afterlife #RobertGarland #AncientGreece
April 30 · 32 min
The Man Who Tried to Save Athenian Democracy
This episode is for anyone interested in ancient Greece, democracy, political history, and rhetoric, especially if you want to understand how the past connects to modern political challenges. You’ll learn who Demosthenes was, how he rose to power through oratory and persuasion, and why he became known as democracy’s defender during the rise of Macedon under Philip II. This conversation explores the fragility of democracy, the role of speech in politics, and the dangers of misinformation: issues that feel just as urgent today. If you want a deeper understanding of how **ancient political systems worked AND failed** this episode offers powerful insights. KEY IDEAS Who Demosthenes was and why he matters Ancient Athenian democracy explained The rise of Macedon and Philip II Democracy vs monarchy in ancient Greece The power of rhetoric and political persuasion Rivalry between Demosthenes and Aeschines The Battle of Chaeronea and Athens’ defeat How misinformation and emotional speech shaped politics Lessons from ancient democracy for today’s world Why Demosthenes remains a controversial figure TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Introduction & James Romm 00:50 Setting the stage: Athens in the 4th century BC 04:08 Rise of political oratory in Athens 05:20 Democracy and the power of speech 08:06 Rise of Philip II and Macedon 10:31 Democracy vs monarchy 12:07 Why Athens was treated differently 14:24 Demosthenes’ early life and speech training 19:08 Political rivals and propaganda 20:19 Fake news and attacks in ancient politics 22:30 Athens decides to fight Macedon 23:29 The Battle of Chaeronea 24:06 Did Demosthenes fail? 25:13 His legacy and historical debate 26:31 What we can learn from ancient democracy 27:05 Misinformation and political chaos 28:03 Trust, leadership, and public decision-making 29:32 Final reflections on democracy If you’re fascinated by ancient history and its connection to modern politics, subscribe for more deep dives like this. What do you think: was Demosthenes a hero or a misguided idealist? Share your thoughts below. LINKS 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Watch the FULL episode: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/p/democracys-last-defender 👉 Buy Demosthenes: Democracy's https://www.amazon.com/Demosthenes-Democracys-Defender-Ancient-Lives/dp/0300269382 GUEST James Romm is Professor of Classics at Bard College and acclaimed author of multiple books on ancient Greece, specializing in Greek history, politics, and biography. He will also be speaking at our upcoming LIVE event "Why Myth Matters", as part of an incredible group of prestigious philosophers, preeminent professors and best-selling authors. Learn more and register to join us HERE: https://www.eventbrite.ie/e/why-myth-matters-tickets-1988334531107?aff=oddtdtcreator #AncientGreece #Demosthenes #GreekHistory #Democracy #PoliticalHistory
April 23 · 1 hr 19 min
The Misunderstood Myth: Persephone, Hades & Demeter
What does the story of Demeter really tell us about loss, power, and the human experience? In this episode, renowned translator and classicist Diane Rayor unpacks the Homeric Hymn to Demeter: one of the most powerful and enduring myths from ancient Greece. Far more than just a story about gods, this hymn explores grief, motherhood, identity, and the fragile balance between life and death. Diane Rayor brings her deep expertise and fresh translation work to the conversation, revealing layers of meaning that are often missed in traditional readings. Together, we explore how this ancient text speaks to universal human emotions, and why it still resonates thousands of years later. WHAT YOU’LL LEARN The core story of the Homeric Hymn to Demeter and its significance How Demeter’s grief shapes the natural world and human experience The role of Persephone and what her story represents Why this hymn was central to ancient Greek religion and ritual How translation choices affect our understanding of ancient texts What this myth can (and can’t) tell us about life today TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Introduction & Diane Rayor 01:30 What is the Homeric Hymn to Demeter? 04:10 The story of Demeter and Persephone 08:45 Themes of grief, loss, and motherhood 12:20 The Eleusinian Mysteries and religious context 16:00 Translation choices and interpretation 20:10 Why this myth still matters today If you enjoy thoughtful conversations about ancient texts and their meaning, subscribe for more episodes with leading scholars and translators. What does this myth mean to you? LINKS 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Diane's Translations of the Homeric Hymns: https://www.amazon.com/Homeric-Hymns-Translation-Introduction-Literature/dp/0520282116 👉 Audio Recordings of Sappho: A New Translation of the Complete Works: cambridge.org/sappho 👉 No Reply Press: https://www.noreplypress.com/ Featuring guest Diane Rayor: Diane J. Rayor, Professor Emerita of Classics, Grand Valley State University, Michigan and acclaimed translator known for her accessible and poetic translations of ancient Greek works, including Homer and Sappho. #AncientGreece #GreekMythology #Demeter #Persephone #Classics #DianeRayor
April 17 · 27 min
Mary Beard: Why You Should Argue With the Ancients
What is the point of studying Classics today? Mary Beard explains why the ancient world still shocks, challenges, and reshapes how we think. Discover how Greek and Roman history can change your perspective, without offering easy answers. In this conversation, renowned classicist Mary Beard explores how ancient Greece and Rome remain deeply relevant today, not as a guidebook for life, but as a way to see modern problems differently. You’ll learn how to approach classical history without intimidation, why “the shock of the old” still matters, and how anyone can join the conversation. If you’ve ever wondered how ancient history connects to today’s world, this episode will change how you think about the past and the present. KEY IDEAS: • Why studying Classics isn’t about finding “answers” • The idea of “The Shock of the Old” and why it still matters • How ancient texts like Medea continue to unsettle us • The danger of over-revering Greek and Roman history • How Classics helps challenge modern “presentism” • Can the ancient world teach us anything useful today? • How to get into Classics without knowing Latin or Greek • Why Classics has no single political agenda • How the past has been used by both left and right movements • Finding wonder (“thauma”) in ancient history TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Introduction to Mary Beard & Talking Classics 00:23 Why the Classics still matter 01:24 Why we should revere the ancient world less 02:39 The “shock” of ancient culture (Medea example) 04:48 Wonder and awe in the ancient world 05:44 The Egyptian bread story (first encounter with history) 07:29 Making Classics accessible to everyone 08:43 Do the Greeks and Romans offer life lessons? 10:06 Using Classics to rethink modern problems 11:37 Presentism vs learning from the past 13:22 How to start engaging with Classics 15:04 Podcasts, media, and entry points into history 16:20 Seeing the classical world all around us 19:08 Technology (VR) and experiencing the past 21:05 Is Classics political? 22:25 How different ideologies use ancient history 24:48 Classics and democracy, revolution, and reform 25:38 Who “owns” the past? 26:18 Final thoughts If you enjoyed this conversation, make sure to subscribe for more deep dives into history and ideas. Learn More! Check out these LINKS 👉 Subscribe: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 👉 Watch the full episode: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/p/mary-beard-why-you-should-argue-with 👉 Mary Beard's "Talking Classics: The Shock of the Old:: https://profilebooks.com/work/talking-classics/ What do you think: can the ancient world still teach us something today? Let me know in the comments. GUEST Mary Beard – One of the world’s most influential classicists, Professor Emerita at Cambridge, and bestselling author of SPQR and Twelve Caesars. Known for making ancient history accessible, relevant, and thought-provoking. #Classics #AncientHistory #MaryBeard #GreekHistory #RomanHistory
April 9 · 36 min
Rebellions Against Rome: The Jewish Revolts
An age of apocalyptic thinking, a clash of empires, and a legacy that still shapes the world today... Today Anya is joined by Professor Barry Strauss to discuss the Jewish Revolts against the Roman Empire. Discover what fueled these uprisings, and how their dramatic outcome has shaped centuries. Barry Strauss is the Corliss Page Dean Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution of Stanford University as well as the Bryce and Edith M. Bowmar Professor in Humanistic Studies Emeritus at Cornell University, where he is the former Chair of the Department of History as well as Professor of History and Classics. He is the author of many bestselling books, including most recently Jews Vs Rome, which you can buy HERE: https://www.amazon.com/Jews-vs-Rome-Centuries-Rebellion/dp/1668009595 Hosted by Anya Leonard of Classical Wisdom. To learn more about Classical Wisdom, and sign up for our free newsletter, please go to https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/ An extended version of this podcast is available to Members of Classical Wisdom. Become a Member HERE: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe?coupon=b28f7da1 And access the extended version of this episode HERE: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/p/jews-vs-rome
April 2 · 54 min
Natalie Haynes on Medea: Greek Tragedy's Most Shocking Heroine
Barbarian, witch, murderer… and mother. Today Anya is joined by author and broadcaster Natalie Haynes to discuss one of Greek mythology’s most famous and dramatic characters, Medea. Discover the complex legends and legacy of Medea, from her daring love story with Jason to its dark aftermath… and how the Greek tragedian Euripides transformed her how her story is told, forever. Natalie Haynes is the author of several acclaimed books about women in Greek mythology, including Divine Might, Stone Blind, and most recently No Friend to This House, her own much-anticipated retelling of the myth of Medea. You can buy a copy HERE: https://www.amazon.com/No-Friend-This-House-Novel/dp/0063258447 Natalie Haynes is an author and comedian as well as a broadcaster for the BBC, and she has written for The Times, The Independent, The Guardian, and The Observer. Hosted by Anya Leonard of Classical Wisdom. To learn more about Classical Wisdom, and sign up for our free newsletter, please go to https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/
March 26 · 38 min
The Roman Guide to War
What were the secrets of Roman warfare? What is the best way to defeat an enemy… and what does all this have to do with aqueducts? Today Anya is joined by George Thomas to discuss the life of Frontinus, an ancient Roman general and governor of Roman Britain. In particular, they’re looking at Stratagems, his manual for war, which looked to ancient history to distil key lessons in military strategy and leadership. George Thomas, also known by his pen name, Quintus Curtius, is an acclaimed translator of ancient texts, including those by Cicero, Sallust, and Cornelius Nepos. He is an MIT graduate, a former officer in the US Marine Corps, a founding partner of the law firm, Phillips and Thomas. His most recent work is a translation Frontius' Stratagems, of which we speak about today. You can buy it HERE: https://www.amazon.com/Stratagems-Translation-Sextus-Julius-Frontinus/dp/B0FPBTNCY5 Hosted by Anya Leonard of Classical Wisdom. To learn more about Classical Wisdom, and sign up for our free newsletter, please go to https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/ An extended version of this podcast is available to Members of Classical Wisdom. Become a Member HERE: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/subscribe And access the extended version HERE: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/p/a-forgotten-roman-masterclass-in
March 12 · 1 hr 21 min
What Can Ancient History Tell Us About Revolutions?
Long before crowds stormed Bastille or Winter Palace, Greek thinkers treated revolution as the ultimate civic nightmare. So how did an existential danger morph into a promise of liberation—and what happens when that promise curdles into violence? In this dynamic online forum, Dan Edelstein, Professor of French at Stanford University, is joined by classical-political heavyweights Josiah Ober, Professor of Political Science and Classics at Stanford University, and Melissa Lane, Professorship of Politics at Princeton University, to excavate the deep past of an idea that still jolts headlines and rattles parliaments. Hosted by Anya Leonard. Brought to you by Classical Wisdom, a site dedicated to bringing ancient wisdom to modern minds. Learn more about our mission and sign up for the free newsletter here: https://classicalwisdom.substack.com/

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