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This excerpt from the Texas Penal Code establishes the legal framework for identifying and punishing fraudulent activities and deceptive business practices. It provides precise definitions for forgery, credit card abuse, and identity theft, while also addressing specialized crimes like commercial bribery and the exploitation of vulnerable populations. The statutes outline various criminal classifications, ranging from minor misdemeanors to first-degree felonies, primarily based on the monetary value of the stolen property or services. Furthermore, the text detail protections against modern threats such as counterfeit gift cards, digital phishing, and the use of artificially generated media to commit financial abuse. Specialized sections also target fraud related to real property, military records, academic products, and the malicious solicitation of disaster victims.
